Unit 7 Process Paragraphs
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
Activity 1, page 123
Before Paragraph 7.1
Answers will vary.
After Paragraph 7.1
1. Eating a delicious, juicy taco is messy, so it is important to
know how to eat one.
2. 1. Do not wear expensive clothes because you might
spill something on them.
2. Only eat it if you are with someone you are
comfortable with.
3. When you hold the taco, angle it toward your mouth.
4. Put the corner of it in your mouth and take a bite.
3. Possible answer: The writer’s tone is funny or serious, not
angry. The topic is a bit fun, but the author also provides
serious and useful instructions for eating a taco??.
Activity 2, page 124–125
Before Paragraph 7.2
Answers will vary.
After Paragraph 7.2
1. Keeping a vocabulary notebook for learning new English
words is not complicated if you follow a few easy steps.
2. Underlined sentences:
1. First, buy a notebook with at least 100 lined pages.
2. Second, write down any important words that you
come across when reading or listening.
3. The next step is a bit difficult because you need to
decide what information about each word you will
write in your notebook.
4. Finally, the most important thing you can do to learn
the words in your notebook is to practice these words
several times.
3. No. This is not indicated in the topic sentence. The
controlling idea is how to keep a notebook, so this
information is not relevant.
4. Three pieces of information are:
1. a translation
2. an example phrase using the word
3. information that matches your personality and needs
Activity 3, page 126
1. 5 2. 6 3. 4 4. 2 5. 3 6. 7 7. 1
Activity 4, page 127
Possible title: Serving in Tennis
Many people think serving in tennis is difficult, but the
following steps show that it is quite easy. If you are left-handed,
you should substitute the word left for right in these directions.
First, use your left hand to throw the ball about three feet in the air.
The best position for the ball is just to the right of your head. At the
same time, move your racket behind your shoulder with your right
hand so that your elbow is pointed toward the sky. Just before the
ball reaches its peak, begin to swing your racket forward as high
as you can. Hit the ball into the small box on the opposite side of
the net. After you hit the ball, continue swinging your racket down
and across the front of your body. After you have completed the
serve, your racket should be near your left knee.
Activity 5, page 127
Answers will vary.
Activity 6, pages 127–128
Before Paragraph 7.3
Answers will vary.
After Paragraph 7.3
Activity 7, page 129
Possible answers:
1. First, put
2. be
3. add
4. Then wrap
5. place
6. Check
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY
Activity 8, page 130
1. alive - breathing
2. divide - 8 ÷ 4 = 2
3. escape - leave a place
4. likely - possible
5. messy - not neat
6. original - the first
7. the peak - the highest point
8. position - place
9. produce - make
10. prove - show
Activity 9, pages 130–131
1. the most embarrassing moment in my life
2. a very messy room
3. hard to reach the top shelf
4. divide something between two people
5. the original price
6. a science experiment
7. assume that something is correct
8. select the best answer on the test
9. only a slight difference between the two colors
10. substitute one ingredient for another
Activity 10, page 131
1. assume
2. embarrassed
3. embarrassing
4. slightly
5. slight
6. organization
7. organized
8. organize
9. original
10. Originally
Activity 11, page 132
Answers will vary.
BUILDING BETTER SENTENCES
Activity 12, page 132
Possible answers:
1. First, make sure you completely understand the directions
for the writing assignment.
2. Select a topic that is appropriate for the assignment.
3. Next, brainstorm suitable ideas alone or with a partner.
4. After you have an appropriate topic, write an outline of the
assignment.
5. Share your outline with someone else and then consider
that person’s suggestions.
Activity 13, page 133
1. First, make sure that all of the sentences in the paragraph
have a verb.
2. When you are ready to purchase your ticket, enter your
credit card number.
3. There are several steps you should take to protect your
information on the Internet.
4. To answer a multiple-choice question, read all of the
choices before choosing [or you choose] your answer.
5. Finally, save your information before you close a file,
because your computer may not save it automatically.
Activity 14, page 133
Possible answers:
1. Second, add the chopped onions, tomato slices, and black
pepper to the spinach that you just cooked.
2. If your flight is canceled, you should call the airline to see if
they have already put you on another flight.
3. When tourists arrive in the United States, they must first go
through immigration and then collect their bags and go
through customs.
WRITING
Activities 15–16, pages 134–135
Answers will vary.
Unit 8 Opinion Paragraphs
ELEMENTS OF GREAT WRITING
Activity 1, page 138
Before Paragraph 8.1
Answers will vary.
After Paragraph 8.1
Possible answers:
1. The purpose of this paragraph is to tell the reader that cell
phones should not be allowed while driving.
2. The writer states that every country should ban cell phone
use while driving.
3. 1. Thousands of drivers are killed each year because they
were talking or texting. 2. Drivers cause accidents that hurt
others. 3. Damage to cars costs millions of dollars.
4. Possible answer: Some people may believe that there
should not be a law banning cell phone use by everyone
because they say young people are responsible for most
of the accidents.
Activity 2, page 140
Before Paragraph 8.2
Answers will vary.
After Paragraph 8.2
Possible answers:
1. The purpose of this paragraph is to express an opinion
about texting versus talking on the phone.
2. The writer states that he or she prefers talking to texting.
3. I prefer, I do not care, is my preferred way
4. Texting is certainly very common now because it is
convenient and fast.
5. Possible answers:
CALLING IS BETTER
1. It’s more personal.
2. It expresses your feelings more accurately.
TEXTING IS BETTER
1. You can text silently.
2. Texts help you limit the time you communicate.
Activity 3, page 140
Answers will vary.
Activity 4, page 141
Before Paragraph 8.3
Answers will vary.
After Paragraph 8.3
1. The author feels that school uniforms should be mandatory
for all students.
2. 1. They make everyone equal. 2. It makes getting ready for
school faster and easier. 3. Uniforms make students work
harder.
3. Their reason is that wearing a uniform takes away personal
freedom (to wear the clothing you want and have a
personal style).
Activity 5, page 142
2
5
6
7
3
1
4
8
Complete paragraph:
In my opinion, all high school students should definitely
volunteer in their community. First of all, it increases our
general motivation. While some may claim that students
should only study during the school year, research shows
that volunteering improves students’ motivation both in and
out of the classroom. Second, volunteering helps students’
academic performance. In a recent poll by the student
government, 71 percent of students who volunteered
were better able to manage their time and grades. Finally,
students feel they are members of a larger community. A
large majority of students at Western High School said that
they felt they were part of something greater and could see
how their efforts could truly help those around them. Based
on all of the research and results, schools should encourage
students to volunteer.
Activity 6, page 143
1. O
2. F
3. O
4. F
5. O
6. F
7. O
8. O
9. F
10. O
11. F
12. O
Activity 7, page 144
Possible answers:
Fact: 1. Thousands of drivers in the United States are killed or
injured each year from talking or texting on a cell phone.
2. The ban is already in effect in more than 30 countries.
Opinion: 1. Drivers do not have the right to endanger others’
lives. 2. Prohibiting cell phones while driving is common sense.
Activity 8, page 144–145
Check 2, 4, 5, 8
Activity 9, page 145
4
1
3
6
5
2
Complete paragraph:
Dangers of Fun in the Sun
People enjoy spending time outdoors, but too much time
in the sun is dangerous and can cause serious skin damage. The
most serious example of this damage is skin cancer. According
to the American Cancer Society, this disease is often a result of
the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays. Although the damage from
these rays may not be seen immediately in children, adults who
spent a lot of time in the sun when they were children later
have a much higher chance of developing skin cancer than
those who did not. Therefore, parents should make sure that
their children put on enough sunscreen before going outside.
In conclusion, it is very important for everyone to understand
the true danger of spending too much time in the sun.
Activity 10, page 146
1. believe V
belief N
believable ADJ
2. finance V, N
financially ADV
financial ADJ
3. logically ADV
logic N
logical ADJ
4. develop V
developmental ADJ
development N
5. freedom N
freely ADV
free ADJ
6. increasingly ADV
increase V, N
increasing ADJ
7. equality N
equal ADJ
equalize V
equally ADV
8. simplicity N
simply ADV
simple ADJ
simplify V
9. legality N
legal ADJ
legally ADV
legalize V
Activity 11, page 147
1. belief believe
2. legality legally
3. develop development
4. free freely
5. equal equally
6. simply simple
7. legal legally
8. logical logic
9. increasing increase
10. finance financial
Activity 12, page 148
1. education
2. suddenly
3. crowded
4. add
5. drivers
6. requirement
7. certainly
8. majority
9. proposal
10. solution
Activity 13, page 149
Possible answers:
Negative: 1. creates a lot of trash 2. the plastic is toxic to the
environment and often ends up in the ocean 3. our food
(seafood) has plastic in it
Positive: 1. it makes buying food convenient 2. it’s very cheap 3.
it doesn’t break like glass does
Activity 14, page 149
Possible topic sentence:
While using plastic is convenient and inexpensive, it is harming
the environment and our food supply.
BUILDING BETTER VOCABULARY
Activity 15, page 150
1. ban - not allow
2. claim - say
3. debt - owe
4. injure - hurt
5. mandatory - must
6. obtain - get
7. occupation - job
8. prohibit - not permit
9. propose - suggest
10. volunteer - unpaid
Activity 16, page 150–151
1. a waste of time
2. an old-fashioned idea
3. common sense
4. benefits of a healthy diet
5. interact with someone
6. claim that something is true
7. prohibit the sale of cigarettes to teenagers
8. damage from a strong storm
9. occupations with high salaries
10. one team versus another
Activity 17, page 151
1. beneficial
2. benefit
3. concentrate
4. concentration
5. damaging
6. damage
7. occupy
8. occupied
9. propose
10. proposal
Activity 18, page 152
Answers will vary.
BUILDING BETTER SENTENCES
Activity 19, page 152
1. If a majority of voters vote in favor of the new plan, taxes
will to increase. (2)
2. A recent study recent showed that people in big cities
voted very differently than people in rural areas. (2)
3. Although biking is very popular, but many people prefer
walking as their most common mode in of transportation.
(2) (Note: “Although” may be crossed out instead of “but.”)
4. Pilots will not land in very bad weather, (no comma)
because they do not want to endanger the passengers. (3)
5. One of the main reasons for the increasing number of
car accidents are is an increase in the number of people
driving when they are sleepy. (3)
Activity 20, page 153
Answers will vary.
Activity 21, page 153
Possible answers:
1. Some history teachers may require their best students to
read additional journal articles.
2. Although most people believe a tomato is a vegetable,
several facts show that it is actually a fruit.
3. A well-known proverb says that people who live in glass
houses should not throw stones.
WRITING
Activities 22–23, pages 154–155
Answers will vary.
