IMAGINING THE FUTURE  10

THINK AND DISCUSS

Answers will vary. Possible answers:

1. As the world population continues to rise and more people move to cities, I think instead of building up, we’re going to have to start digging down. I think we’re going to be living in underground apartment buildings.

2. Living on another planet would be strange. It would be weird to see the Earth as just another star in the sky.

EXPLORE THE THEME

A 1. The challenges mentioned are finding somewhere to live, how to survive working outside, and how to get around the planet.

2. I think it will be very lonely for the first people there. Plus, if the initial group of people don’t get along, they are going to have a lot of problems working together.

B settle, base, touch down

Reading

PREPARING TO READ

A 1. alien

2. protagonist

3. ruthless

4. Destiny

5. glimpse

6. sequel

B 1. flee

2. stunned

3. intellectual

4. inferior

5. unimaginable

6. literally

C Answers will vary. Possible answers:

1. Yes, I do. Our improving technology is helping us find more and more exoplanets that have the possibility for life. Perhaps we will encounter an

intelligent life form and be able to communicate with it.

2. I think we need to be very worried about the destiny of our planet. I think that human activity is causing climate change which is rapidly altering the world we know. In 1,000 years, the planet may be very different because of warming temperatures. I don’t know if the human species will survive climate change, even if the planet does.

D Answers will vary. Possible answers:

1. Space exploration is a great topic to write about. There are still so many unknowns.

2. Humans might move to another planet out of necessity, if our own planet becomes uninhabitable.

3. I think if aliens do exist, they must be just as curious about us as we are about them. So maybe they want to come to see our planet, our

societies, and our cultures.

E 1. b

2. a

DEVELOPING READING SKILLS

A 1. d

2. b

3. e

4. a

5. c

B Title: Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone

Main Character: a young boy

Setting: England (both the country and a magical version of it)

Point of View: narrator

Theme(s): friendship, discovering strength within you

Plot: A young boy finds out he’s really a wizard and learns all about the wizarding world when he goes off to a magical boarding school. With

the help of some new friends, he finds himself up against one of the greatest and most evil wizards of all time. And he must learn how to protect himself and his friends.

UNDERSTANDING THE READING

A 1. Bradbury liked to read books by Edgar Rice Burroughs about Martians. Since he couldn’t afford to buy all the books, he started writing his own. (Paragraphs B and C)

2. Answers will vary. Possible answer: He means that we’re going to colonize Mars and live there. Those humans will be Martians instead of Earthlings.

B Answers will vary. Possible answers:

1. John Carter is the character in the books that he read as a child. He was a space explorer, a pioneer who went to Mars. (Paragraph B)

2. He wrote sequels to the books he read when he was young because he couldn’t afford to buy more books. (Paragraphs C)

3. He was invited to be at a laboratory when the first images of Mars came back from the Viking 1 lander. He was able to meet space and rocket scientists there, and he began to believe even more in the possibility of humans getting to Mars.

C 1. M

2. W

3. B

4. B

D 1. d; Along the way to growing up, I read Edgar Rice Burroughs and loved his Martian books, …

2. a; In the final scene the protagonist, Cabal, and his friend Passworthy watch the first moon rocket disappear into the heavens …

3. b; On my last night in New York, I got a break.

4. c; At last, I realized it was none other than Werner von Braun …

5. e; “… At long last, WE ARE MARTIANS!”

E THE MARTIAN CHRONICLES

1. concern, homesickness, longing (Explanation: They are concerned about their family and friends on Earth. They decide to go back to help.)

2. They were on Mars, wondering about life on Earth, instead of being on Earth wondering about life on Mars.

3. They decide to go back to Earth. We know this because the luggage store runs out of stock. (Explanation: By dawn the luggage was gone from his shelves.)

THE WAR OF THE WORLDS

1. to explain how closely the aliens have studied humans

2. to show how humans are seen by the Martians as being inferior

3. to colonize the planet because their own planet is dying

4. He feels that humans have acted just as destructively over the course of history on their own planet.

F 1. He was living on a road named after a scientist who took pictures of Mars. These pictures were part of the beginning of his fascination with Mars. (Paragraph A)

2. He means that it makes you forget the emotional pain you have about being so far away from your home. (Excerpt from The Martian Chronicles)

3. It refers to the light flickering from the Morse code machine delivering messages from far-off Earth. (Excerpt from The Martian Chronicles)

4. It refers to the planet Earth, which for the Martians was their hope for survival. (Excerpt fromThe War of the Worlds)

G Answers will vary. Possible answers:

1. He was fascinated by Mars. The planet was a major focus of his creative mind, which is why he chose to write about it.

2. Perhaps he was trying to show us that even if we completely escape our circumstances, they will still live inside of us, in our emotions, and

influence our decisions. So we can’t escape our problems.

2. He believes that the human race has been destructive and ruthless at times.

Video

BEFORE VIEWING

A Answers will vary. Possible answers:

My image of Mars is of a large red desert. But actually I have no idea what the surface of Mars is really like. However, I do know that if I stood on it, I would look up and see Earth in the sky, which would be pretty exciting.

B Answers will vary. Possible answers:

1. the cold climate, the gravity difference compared with Earth, the wind storms

2. The lower gravity might make certain sports easier. It might also be easier to fly.

C 1. fissure

2. colossal

3. astounding

AFTER VIEWING

A Answers will vary. Possible answers:

I think I would show them a place similar to their planet first. For example, if the aliens are from a dry, hot planet, I’d take them to the Sahara Desert. If it’s similar to their planet, they might appreciate

its beauty and also feel at home. If the aliens are from a cold planet, I’d take them to Antarctica.

Writing

EXPLORING WRITTEN ENGLISH

WRITING SKILL

A a, c

B a, c, d

C 1. b (The independent clause is I got a break. Note that the phrase On my last night in New York is not a clause because it does not contain a subject and a verb.)

2. c (Both clauses make sense as individual statements.)

3. a (The independent clause is It was named for the great astronomer Percival Lowell. The dependent clause is who took fantastic photographs of the planet.)

LANGUAGE FOR WRITING

D 1. CD (It contains two independent clauses joined by a conjunction.)

2. CX (It contains one independent clause and one dependent clause.)

3. CX (It contains one independent clause and one dependent clause.)

4. S (There is only one independent clause.)

5. CX (It contains one independent clause and one dependent clause.)

E Answers will vary. Possible answers:

It was a crisp January morning in Calabria—mainland Italy’s southernmost region. Snow topped the distant Aspromonte mountains,

and oranges were ripening in the nearby trees. Giuseppe Passarino guided his silver minivan up a curving road that climbed through fruit

and olive groves into the hinterlands of Calabria. Passarino, who is a geneticist at the University of Calabria, chatted with his colleague Maurizio Berardelli. They were headed for the small village of Molochio because it had the distinction of numbering four centenarians—and four 99-yearolds—among its 2,000 inhabitants.

WRITING TASK

A Answers will vary. Possible answers:

The Martian Chronicles: The actions and feelings of the people in The Martian Chronicles are similar to the actions and feelings of people in real life in several ways; Many events in The Martian Chronicles are similar to events that occur in real life.

B Answers will vary. Possible answers:

Introductory paragraph: review of plot

Thesis Statement: In The Martian Chronicles, Ray Bradbury shows us that when we try to escape from our problems, we don’t suddenly have

perfect and happy lives.

Body Paragraph 1

Topic Sentence: The first problem that moving to Mars causes for the migrants is a disease called “The Loneliness.”

Evidence and significance of evidence: alienation experienced by being so far away; “Lonely Ones”; nothing familiar

Body Paragraph 2

Topic Sentence: Another problem that the migrants experience is the ugliness of their own invasion of Mars.

Evidence and significance of evidence: settlers destroy Mars’ natural resources, they recreate the ugly parts of Earth like neon signs; they bring their problems with them because they need to be surrounded by familiar things

Body Paragraph 3

Topic Sentence: In “November 2005: THE WATCHERS,” the migrants learn that they really can’t escape their own problems or their own lives.

Evidence and significance of evidence: when war breaks out on Earth, they are reminded of it again and feel great concern for their planet; message COME HOME is repeated; they go back to face the

problems that they escaped

Concluding paragraph: no matter where you go, you bring your problems with you

REVISING PRACTICE

1. c, a, b

2. Many go to leave problems behind such as “bad wives or bad jobs or bad towns,” but some of them find that they’re leaving one set of problems for another.

3. Even though many of the migrants come to Mars to escape their lives on Earth, they recreate some of the less appealing things on Earth. / They recreate some of the less appealing things on Earth, even

though many of the migrants came to Mars to escape their lives.

EDITING PRACTICE

1. When it was first published in 1897, The War of the Worlds was generally well received by critics.

2. The War of the Worlds was one of the earliest stories to describe a conflict between humans and an alien race, so its impact at the time is hard for us to appreciate now.

3. Wells got the idea for The War of the Worlds from his brother, which who had raised the topic of an alien invasion of Earth during a casual conversation.

4. In the novel, the planet Mars is dying, yet so the Martians need to find a new home.

UNIT REVIEW

1. Answers will vary. Possible answers: Bradbury imagined it as a place that humans would colonize, while Wells saw it as a planet with a species of superior strength and intelligence.

2. Answers will vary. Possible answers: the canyon system, the volcano

3. simple, compound, complex

4. Answers will vary.