7  INSPIRED TO PROTECT

THINK AND DISCUSS (page 121)

1. Possible answers: The unit title suggests that people can be inspired to protect the planet. The title relates to the photo in that the young rangers and graduate students are teaching the students respect

for the environment.

2. Possible answer: Children can learn many things from exploring the outdoors, including how different species of plants and animals interact and how best to protect nature.

3. Answers will vary.

EXPLORE THE THEME (page 122)

1. Panut Hadisiswoyo has helped others get involved by giving local people a chance to volunteer and protect the forest and animals. Wasfia Nazreen has worked with people in her country to help them reflect on how to avoid affecting Earth negatively. She has also involved schoolgirls in projects and taken them on trips. Anand Varma has used photography as a way to help people learn about nature and change their ideas about animals.

2. Answers will vary.

3. Answers will vary.

Lesson A

VOCABULARY

A (page 124)

1. passion

2. resources

3. conservation

4. capacity

5. fatigue

B (page 125)

Possible answers:

inspire (v): to give someone the enthusiasm to do or create something. Other word forms: inspiration (n), inspiring (adj), inspired (adj); Synonyms: motivate, encourage; Antonyms: bore, discourage. Example

sentence: The music inspired him to take guitar lessons.

motivation (n): a feeling of enthusiasm or interest that makes you determined to do something. Other

word forms: motivate (v), motivated (adj); Synonyms:

drive, incentive; Antonyms: discouragement.

Example sentence: These methods can help increase

students’ motivation and interest.

perceive (v): to understand or think about something in a particular way. Other word forms: perception (n), perceptive (adj), perceptively (adv);

Synonyms: understand, realize; Antonyms: ignore, misunderstand. Example sentence: Robots are still perceived as a threat by some.

sacrifice (v): to give up something important or valuable so that you or other people can do or have something else. Other word forms: sacrifice

(n), sacrificial (adj), sacrificially (adv); Synonyms: give, offer; Antonyms: deny, keep. Example sentence: She sacrificed her career to be at home with her children.

C (page 125) Answers will vary.

D (page 125) Answers will vary.

E (page 125)

1. Possible answer: Energy conservation helps the environment by decreasing pollution caused by burning coal and oil needed for energy.

2. Answers will vary.

3. Answers will vary.

4. Answers will vary.

5. Answers will vary.

6. Possible answer: I tell myself to work just a little harder, or I set a time limit. I focus on my end goal.

7. Possible answer: Environmentalists may be perceived this way because they often try to stop commercial development or ask for stricter rules about environmental issues.

LISTENING

A (page 126) Answers will vary.

B (page 126)

b.√ what environmental fatigue is and why it occurs

c.√ what people can do to reduce environmental fatigue

f. √ why environmental fatigue is a serious problem

C (page 126)

1. TT

2. KB

3. TT

4. KB

5. TT

6. KB

D (page 127)

1. a; 2. b; 3. b; 4. a

E (page 127) Answers will vary.

SPEAKING

A (pages 128)

1. You haven’t lived here for more than a year, have you? (rising intonation)

2. You were at the last class, weren’t you? (rising intonation)

3. Your smartphone is less than a year old, isn’t it?

(falling intonation)

4. You don’t come to school by bus or train, do you?

(falling intonation)

5. Your hobbies include reading and running, don’t they? (rising intonation)

6. You can’t play the guitar, can you? (falling intonation)

7. You’ve visited Canada before, haven’t you? (rising intonation)

8. You aren’t going to the party, are you? (falling intonation)

B (pages 129)

1. We are affecting the environment negatively, and we can’t just be apathetic, can we?

2. Facts aren’t what influence people, are they?

3. You inspire people through their emotions, don’t you?

4. It’s also really important to show people the challenges and the impact we’re having on the natural world, isn’t it?

5. We can train local people and give them resources, can’t we?

6. The kids get it, but the adults don’t seem to want to sacrifice for the future, do they?

C (pages 129) Answers will vary.

D (page 130)

1. a

2. b

E (page 130) Possible answers:

1. The inner core is like the cork center; the outer core is like the two rubber rings; the mantle is like the layers of cotton and wool; the crust is like the leather cover.

2. Earth has a very hot core, and each layer is a different temperature.

3. A baseball is a better analogy because each layer is different. In an onion, each layer is basically the same.

F (page 130) Answers will vary.

LESSON TASK

A–C (page 131) Answers will vary.

Video

A (page 132) Answers will vary.

B (page 132) Possible answers:

condense (v) – shorten

corporation (n) – a company

era (n) – a period of history

existence (n) – the state of existing

greedy (adj) – wanting a lot of food or money

miracle (n) – an amazing event that is hard to explain

neglect (v) – ignore or not care for well

oppression (n) – unjust use of power or authority over someone

reaction (n) – an action that occurs as a result of something

symptom (n) – a sign of a disease or problem

toxin (n) – a poison, something that causes disease

wisdom (n) – the quality of making careful choices

C (page 132)

Answers will vary.

D (page 133)

b. Humans need to do a much better job caring for the world.

E (page 133)

1. 4.5

2. 140,000

3. 3

4. 1,000

5. 33

6. fourth

F (page 133) Answers will vary.

G (page 133) Answers will vary.

Lesson B

VOCABULARY

B (page 134)

1. renewable

2. crisis

3. optimism

4. discouraged

5. activist

6. deny

7. aware

8. pessimism

9. depressing

10. source

C (page 134)

1. activism (n)

2. awareness (n)

3. critical (adj)

4. denial (n)

5. depression (n)

6. discourage (v)

7. optimistic (adj)

8. pessimism (n)

9. renew (v)

10. source (n)

Five sentences will vary.

D (page 135) Answers will vary.

E (page 135) Possible answers:

– Senior citizens might be discouraged because they are usually retired and so live on a fixed income each month.

– Environmental activists might think the crisis can be avoided because the government will invest money to solve the problem.

– Office workers might think their workplace is depressing because they dislike their job or their boss. The office may be crowded or uncomfortable.

– People might want more investment in renewable energy because they think it will be good for the environment.

– Children might be optimistic about the future because many children naturally have a positive outlook.

F (page 135) Answers will vary.

LISTENING

A (page 136) Answers will vary.

B (page 136)

√ The Future of Environmental Activism

C (page 136) Answers will vary. After the introduction,

the speaker moves to six new points.

D (page 137)

1. tigers

2. thousands

3. India

4. Toronto/Canada

5. nine/9

6. idea

7. eleven/11

8. windows

9. electricity

10. Indonesia

11. trees

12. villages

E (page 137) Possible answers:

1. Some people may not recycle because it is not convenient. If we consider that people need different trash cans for different kinds of

recycling, we can see the problem.

2. If we consider politicians, not all are aware of current science about the environment. Their lack of knowledge may cause them to deny

climate change. Or they may have a different understanding of the problem. It may not be a convenient belief for a politician.

SPEAKING

A (page 138) Answers will vary.

B (page 138) Possible answers:

Parents can encourage curiosity about the environment or issues that relate to the child’s everyday life and talk about possible solutions;

parents can set a good example with their own actions and talk about why they do what they do; parents can encourage a child to take small actions.

C (page 138) Possible answers:

1. The children are taking action and making real contributions. They are raising the awareness of others and inspiring others to take action. This will help us have a better future.

2. The speaker may see the video as a way to raise awareness and inspire action. The speaker, however, seems to prefer concrete actions.

FINAL TASK

A–D (pages 139–140) Answers will vary.