Unit 1
Page 15
Answer will vary.
Exercise 1 page 16
1ltaly 2-3 Answers will vary.
Exercise 2 page 16
Answers will vary
Exercise 3page16
1T 2F Most of the islands between the canals are little
3F:Today Venice is important for tourists.4T 5F The Grand Canal is the biggest canal in Venice 6T 7F; Another name for Venice is The city of bridges
Exercise 4page17
1a lot of canals 2cars 3gondola 4stilts 5gold6 stone
Exercise 5page 17
1117,400 2two 3300 430 515
Exercises6-7page17
Answers will vary.
Exercise 8 page17
1no 2no 3at the Ca’d’Oro 4 20 per person 5 Possible answer:It is warmer during those months 6Possible answer: They want to keep people safe.
Exercise 1page18
a strange b bridge c rocks d recognize e cave f ancient g apartment h capital
Exercise 2page 19
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3page 19
Photo a:cave rock strange ancient
Photo b:strange rock ancient
Photo c:bridge
Photo d:bridge,strange
Exercises 4-5 page 20
/e1/:cave,strange, ancient, say/D/:rock,long/1/:bridge,built
//:hundreds.under
Exercise 7 page 21
1c 2b
Exercise 8 page 21
1Tunisia 2700 3355 4 Turkey 5 8000 6 Florence Italy 7 1345
8 Azerbaijan 9 48 10 2000
Exercise 9 page 21
Possible answer: The notes are useful because they help you remember the important information and key facts from the podcast.
Exercise 10 page 21
Answers will vary
Exercise 1page22
1changed 2went 3made 4wasdestroyed5 decided needed built 6put 7formed
Exercise 2page23
regular: destroyed,decided needed,formed
irregular:made, was, built put
Exercise3page23
Answers will vary.
Exercise 4 page 23
1did you live 2did you start 3Did you know 4did you move 5Did you like
Exercises 5-6page23
Answers will vary.
Exercise 7page 24
a cheap b rural c ancient d expensive e crowded f modern g urban h popular
Exercise 8 page 24
1urban 2 popular 3 rural 4 expensive
Exercise 9 page 24
Answers will vary.
Exercise1page25
a field b area c modern d lake e traffic f urban g woods h is located
Exercise 2page 25
Possible answers.
The photo shows an urban area.There are lakes and woods. It is a modern city.The woods are located next to a city.
Exercise 3 page 26
b
Exercise 4 page 26
Advantages: lots of trees help clean the city air,parks give people places to walk so they are healthier; it's near mountains and the ocean so people can enjoy the outdoors easily during warm weather you can enjoy ancient trees and walk near the ocean;you can have fun by Beaver Lake:the park helps make Vancouver one of the healthiest and cleanest cities in the world
Disadvantages: not much room for new buildings and homes; makes Vancouver expensive crowded;very bad traffic; wild animals can be a problem.
Exercise 5page 26
2 In fact F 3Aswe know:F 4lthink;O 5 I personally feel;O 6 In my opinion;O
Exercise 6 page 26
You know that a sentence is fact because the signal word or phrase he uses tells us it is something that everybody knows or that it is officially recognized.
You know that a sentence is opinion because the signal word or phrase he uses tells us it is what he personally thinks.
Exercise 7 page 27
The tense often used to give facts is the present simple.
Exercise 8page 27
Fact: In fact;As we know Opinion: I personally feel; In my opinion
Exercise 9 page 28
10 2F 3F 4O
Exercise 10 page 28
Answers will vary.
Exercise 1-7 pages 29-30
Answers will vary.
Exercise 1 page 31
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2 page 31
1d 2a 3b 4c
Exercise 3 page 32
I I'd like to talk about2 First of all3 I'd also like to talk about 4 Finally
Exercise 4 page 33
First of all, let's look at some of the positives.
Exercise 6 page 33
1 I'd like to give you some information about...
2 Now let's talk about ...
3 The next topic_is ...
4 Finally, let's look at ...
Exercise 1-6 page 33-34
Answers will vary.
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Exercises1
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2
1Did,live 2 saw 3were 4 didn't go did not go5 built 6 made 7weren'twere not 8put
Exercise 3
1ancient 2crowded 3cheap 4expensive 5 popular 6 rural
Exercise 4
1woods 2a lake 3bridges 4 recognize5 trafhc6strange 7located 8rock
Exercise 5
Answers will vary.
Exercise 6A
1fact 2 negative opinion 3fact4fact5positive opinion 6negative opinion
Exercise 6B
Answers will vary.
Unit 2
page 37
1This festival is in India. It is also held in many other countries around the world.2-3 Answers will vary.
Exercises 1-2 page 38
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3 page 38
1F 2F 3T 4T5F
Exercise 4 page 39
1 Ice City 2 7,000 3 clear 4 competitions 5 16.8 6 a million/1,000.000 75January
Exercise 5 page 39
1c 2b 3b 4a
Exercise 6 page 39
Answers will vary.
Exercise 1 page 40
1b 2a 3a 4a 5a 6a
Exercise 2 page 41
a culture, traditional,enjoy(ed).entertainment
b activity traditional culture enjoy(ed),entertainment
c lecture,enjoy(ed)
Exercise 3 page 41
1c 2b 3a
Exercise 4page41
Answers will vary
Exercises 5-6 pare 41
1 Date: The festival is in April and May
2 Activities: You Can see art and you can try cooking
Exercise 7 page 42
1UK 2 October 3history 4gravity 5talk 6April 7stalls 8lake 9museums 10January11 February12 sports 13 dance 14 fashion
Exercise 8 page 42
1F; The Festival of Ideas is for anybody interested in arts and science 2T 3T 4FThey can have picnics under trees, go to food stalls, hire boats on the lake and go to museums.5T6T
Exercises 9-10 page 43
Answers will vary.
Exercise11page 43
Interesting event come
Exercise 12 page 43
The important words are stressed:Well it's an interesting event to come to.
Exercise 13 page 43
1 So,what kinds of things do people learn? (Note:The speaker also stresses So as a way of getting the listeners attention,but this is not one of the important words)
2 Are there any things you don't like about it?
3 Do you have many people here from other countries?
Exercise 15 page43
1what activities do people do at festivals in their free time?
2 which festival is good for people with lots of hobbies!
3 What did you do at the Cherry Blossom Festival last weekend?
Exercise 16 page 43
Answers will vary
Exercise 1 page 44
1 learn 2 concentrate 3 Are
Exercises 2-3 page 44
1 Are Do you like your job?2 Do Are you a chef?
3 what time is does the festival start?4 What kinds of food are
do you have?5 Does Is it all good? 6 Where are do people eat their lunch?7 Is Do you like the food?8 Do ls the work interesting?
Exercise 4 page45
1 Do you like festivals? 2When do you go home?
3 Are you a good cook? 4When do you feel hungry?5 What do you do for fun?6 Do you like your school?
Exercise 5 page45
Answers will vary.
Exercise 6 page 46
1 I'm/am studying 2 's/is enjoying 3re/are attending 4's/is giving 5're/are having 6's/is doing 7are watching 8Are parking
Exercise 7 page 46
Answers will vary.
Exercise 8 page 47
go to: a celebration, university an event a lecture a party
take: part place, your time
have: a celebration, an event,fun,a lecture. a party. a problem
Exercise 9 page 47
1take 2go to 3take 4Have 5have
Exercise 10 page 47
1event 2your time 3concerts 4party/celebration
Exercise 11 page 47
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Exercise 1 page 48
a dish b fireworks c parade d celebrate e gift(s) f costume g decorate(d)
Exercise 2page 48
a fireworks,celebrate b parade celebrate costume c decorate/decorated dish celebrate
Exercise 3 page 48
Answers will vary.
Exercise 4 page 49
1Thanksgiving 2 Family 3 Traditional 4 Food5 Canada 6US 7Pumpkinpie 8Stuffing 9Decorations 10Autumn colours 11Activities12 Canada 13US 14reasons
Exercise 5 page 50
1F: He likes it because everyone can celebrate it
2 F:Potatoes,corn and cranberries are from the Americas
3 F; In the eastern US, sometimes oysters are used in the stuffing.4T 5T
Exercise 6page 50
1 like 2 such as 3For example 4 for instance
Exercise 7 page 50
1 like;such as 2 for example;for instance
Exercise 8 page 50
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Exercise 1-6 pages 51-53
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Exercise 4 page 55
1Shall 2How about/Can we think about 3could 4 how about/can we think about 5coud/shall
Exercise 6 page 55
No: (Oh,)I am not sure that's a good idea;(Hmm)I might want to see some other things.
Yes: OK. Good idea:Yeah that sounds good:Yeah I'd love to! That's a great ideal Sure That sounds good.
Exercises 1-8 pages 55-57
Answers will vary.
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Exercise 1
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2
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Exercise 3
1 Do you like to cook a big meal for holidays like
Thanksgiving?
2 This photo of traditional Japanese New Year's food looks delicious.How does it taste?
3 lam shopping for a birthday gift for my sister.Do you think she would like this scarf?
4 What music are we listening to now? I don't know this song
5 Are you coming to the fireworks festival soon?I'm waiting for you by the park entrance.
6 Does your sister enjoy events like the Festival of Ideas?7 What do people eat at the winter festival?
8 My parents aren't home right now.They are having a picnic at the Cherry Blossom Festival.
Exercise 4
1a nice time 2photos 3a problem 4part 5university 6events 7place 8care
Exercise 5
1traditional 2enjoyed 3decorated 4dish 5costumes 6gift 7 entertainment 8activities
Exercise 6A
1 Shall we try going to the art fair?
2 You could try studying at the library.
3 How about taking a cooking class?
4 Can we think about going in the morning?
5 Why not eat out at that good restaurant near your house?
Exercise 6B
Answers will vary.
Unit 3
page 59
1-3 Answers will vary
4Possible answers:It reduces face-to-face communication We can become too reliant on it.It can harm eyesight and posture: People can become addicted to social media sites or online gaming: It can be abused to manipulate people and opinions.
Exercises 1-2 page 60
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3 page 60
1changes 2 Most 3bottom 4suddenly 5Engineers 6 broken 7weeks 8ship
Exercise 4 page 61
a2 b5 c3 d1 e4
Exercise 5 page 61
1violent volcanic activity 2 ten years ago 3 Between Taiwan and the Philippines 4 heavy rocks 5 A special ship called the Wave Sentinel
Exercises 6-8 page 61
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Exercise 1page 62
1a 2b 3b 4a 5a 6b 7b 8b
Exercises 2-3 page 63
Answers will vary.
Exercise 4 page 63
a fish b disabled c suit d pollution e kitchen
Exercise 6 page 63
/s/:suit disabled//:fish pollution/t[/: kitchen
Exercise 7 page 64
/s/:sort,robots,accident ///:station,short,wish ocean /t/:which match cheap
Exercise 8 page 64
1sorts 2cheap 3wash 4sea 5shave
Exercise 9 page 64
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Exercise 10 page 64
1robots 2 cheaper 3 disabled 4accidents 5suit6 in their own homes 7luxury 8information collection 9pollution(in the water)
Exercise 11page 65
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Exercise12 page65
1always really expensive 2 accident 3 new types of robots 4 robotic fish
Exercise 13 page 65
1Thanks to 2dueto/because of 3Since 4 Due to/Because of
Exercise 14 page 65
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Exercise1page66
1am able 2was able to 3wasn't able to 4couldn't5 wasn't able to 6 Are you able to 7Were you able to
Exercises 2-3 page 67
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Exercise 4 page 67
1turn;on 2mouse/keyboard 3login 4Wi-Fi: go online/log in 5 the cloud 6 shut down/tun off
Exercise 5 page 68
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Exercise 6 page 68
verbs: charge surf text
nouns: apps, battery charger, keys text
Exercise 7page 68
1keys 2apps 3surf 4text 5battery 6charger;charge
Exercise 8 page 68
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Exercise 1page 69
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Exercise 2page70
a research b stupid c file d location e memory
Exercise 3page70
1You will hear the main ideas and additional information 2You will hear the main ideas as well as additional information.
Exercise 5 page 71
1d 2weak 3weak
Exercise 6 page71
1memory 2 difficult 3websites 4 information 5lazy
Exercise 7 page71
6 information 7answer 8how 9put 10facts 11location 12find
Exercises 8-10 page72
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Exercise 1 page73
Possible answers:
advantages:2and3disadvantages:14and5
Exercises 2-5 pages 73-74
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Exercises 1-2 page 75
1However 2but 3Ontheother hand/However 4but/however
Exercise 3 page 75
different information
Exercise 4 page 76
additional information
Exercise 5 page 76
1a and b but;2a but b and also;3a as well as b However.
Exercise 6 page 76
1b 2b
Exercise 7 page 77
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Exercise 8 page 77
finish
Exercise 1-7 page 77-78
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Exercises 1-2
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3
1couldn't 2can 3couldn't 4Were 5could 6 couldn't 7wasn'table to 8 Are you able to
Exercise 4
1you need to go online. 2lneed to charge it. 3log on to my work PC 4turn off my smartphone 5an app 6keyboard 7thecloud8charger
Exercise 5
1disabled 2luxury 3collected 4location 5memory 6research 7 stupid 8developed
Exercise 6A
1but 2on the other hand 3too 4However 5and 6too 7and 8but
Exercise 6B
Answers will vary.
Unit 4
Page 81
Answers will vary.
Exercise 1 page 82
1There are five oceans:Arctic Atlantic Indian Pacific Southern
2Almost 70% 3Answers will vary
Exercise 2 page 82
1b,c,d 2a,e 3c 4 Answers will vary.
Exercise 3 page 83
1c 2a b 3d,e 4mainly e
Exercise 4 page 83
1False 2True 3False 4False 5False 6True 7False
Exercise 5 page 83
1b 2d 3c 4e 5a
Exercises 6-7 page 83
Answers will vary
Exercise 1 page 84
1N 2I 3N 4I 5N
Exercise 2 page 84
1Possible answer.Intonation helps you understand others moods and interest.
2Possible answer:If you use the wrong intonation, people might misunderstand your mood or interest.
Exercise 3 page 85
1humid 2 dry 3upset 4cool 5energy 6angry 7 prefer
Exercise 4 page 85
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Exercise 5 page 86
1more upset/worse 2tired 3energy 4to work 5angry/angrier
Exercise 6 page 86
1c 2a 3d 4b
Exercise 7 page 86
1Fourteen 2 Thirteen 3 light 4more
Exercise 8 page 87
Answers will vary.
Exercise 1page 87
1c and e 2b and d 3a 4c 5b and d
Exercise 2page 87
1prevent 2 cut down 3save 4do 5cause
Exercise 3 page 88
1learning 2to think 3to visit/visiting 4to watch 5to go 6listening 7to study 8to tell/telling
Exercises 4-5pages 88-89
1to learn/learning 2to go 3to read/reading to attend/attending 4to study5talking 6walking 7to visit 8towatch/watching 9to invite/inviting
Exercise 6 page 90
1am leaving 2am going to do 3am going:will come 4is talking/is going to talk 5are going to drop 6will be/are going to be
Exercises 7-8page90
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Exercise 1page 91
Group A:1Group B:2
Exercise 2 page 91
1don't 2want 3stop 4known 5cost
Exercises 3-4 page 91
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Exercise 5 page 92
1believe 2look after 3disappear 4carefully 5discover 6become 7unusual 8save
Exercise 6 page 92
Possible answers:
1climate or weather of forest 2damage to the forest and its animals 3research about the forest
Exercise 7 page 92
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Exercise 8page 93
2,3.5
Exercise 9page 93
Answers will vary.
Exercise 10 page 93
1 problems 2 Cut 3 Damages 4 rain 5 45 6 disappear
Exercise 11 page 94
1a 2b 3a 4a 5b
Exercise 12 page94
North America:water shortages/drought Brazil:damage to(rain)forests/forest fires Pakistan:floods
Exercises 13-14 page 94
Possible answers:
1Wildlife won't find water to drink and plants won't grow well, if at all, so there will be food shortages.
2Damage to rainforests will cause wildlife to die or to move to new areas.
3Wildlife will need to move to new areas to find dry land
Exercise 15 page94
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Exercises 1-2 page 95
Answers will vary.
Exercise 3 page 96
2 sea levels rise
3 polar bears and other animals lose sea ice to hunt from
4 local people lose food sources
For the arrows: Melting polar ice could cause
temperatures to rise sea levels rising could cause polarice to melt.
Exercise 4 page 96
Possible answers:
The cause-effect chain is a clear visual representation of how separate events are connected.It is easy to look at and refer to in a presentation.
Exercise 5 page 97
Answers will vary Possible answers:
Africa: Temperatures rise.→By 2050,up to 600million people won't be able to get drinking water.→Shortage of clean water will help diseases spread Drought will stop farmers from growing food.→Some land areas will be under the sea.→Some areas may lose up to60%of animal species.
California: Temperatures rise.→Heat waves occur.
→Less water is on the land Drought occurs.→Trees die.→Wildfires occur.→ People lose homes and jobs. Low-level lands:Temperatures rise→Ice on land melts around the world Sea levels rise Low-level and around the world floods.→Land areas go under water→Some people lose their home or country→People have to find new homes or countries to live in.
Exercise 6 page 97
Answers will vary
Exercise 1page 98
1a cause b effect 2 a cause b effect 3 a effect b cause
Exercise 2 page 98
1so 2Therefore 3 As a result
Exercise 3 page 98 Possible answers:
2 As a result, more people hadjobs.
3 So governments feel they need to take more action.4 Therefore we need to find ways to protect them.5 So Ineed to apply for a new one.
6 As a result. we keep in touch with our friends more often.
Exercises 4-5 page 98
Answers will vary.
Possible answers:
1 The village flooded because of the heavy rainfall
2 More people had jobs because of the new factory
3Governments may feel they need to take more action or global warming because more people are interested in it.
4 We need to find ways to protect rainforests because
they are getting smaller.
5 I need to apply for a new passport because I've lost my old one.
6 We keep in touch with our friends more often due to
easier communication
Exercise 7 page 99
Possible answer
Homes, factories,cars and planes all burn fossil fuels.→gases
and smoke rise into the sky
→ heat is trapped in the Earths atmosphere. temperatures rise
→ice caps in the Arctic and Antarctic melt
→global warming occurs/temperatures rise more
Exercise 8 page 99 Possible answer:
Homes, factories.cars and planes all burn fossil fuels.As a result, gases and smoke rise into the sky.Consequently heat is trapped in the Earth's atmosphere.Therefore temperatures rise. As a result ice caps in the Arctic and Antarctic melt and so global warming occurs
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Exercise 1
Answers will vary.
Exercise 2
1cut down trees 2 do research 3 prevent global warming 4cause forest fires 5 save wildlife6 prevent forest fires
Exercise 3
1'm taking 2will probably 3are going 4'm going to 5 'll 6'm going to 7will probably 8are going to
Exercise 4
1look after 2 humid 3upset 4unusual 5becoming6save 7cool 8energy
Exercise 5
Answers will vary
Exercise 6A
1consequently 2so 3As a result 4 Because5 Because 6therefore
Exercise 6B
[5]I had nowhere else to live,so I'm staying with my parents again.
[2]Without a car, I wasn't able to travel to work. Consequently, I lost my job.
[4]I didn't pay my rent;therefore, I lost my flat.
[1]I was late for work and driving too fast. As a result,I crashed my car.
[3] Because I didn't have a job I had no money to pay the rent on my flat.
