气泡精炼技术= Study on Inclusion Removal in Molten Steel by Soluble Gas Flotation Technology:英文/张杰，冯超著

定价：99.00元

出版时间：2024.3

ISBN 978-7-5024-9815-3

9787502498153

Contents

Chapter 1General Introduction1

1.1Techniques for Removal of Nonmetallic Inclusions from Steel1

1.1.1Overview of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel1

1.1.2The Development Status of Non-Bubble Inclusion Removal

Technology2

1.1.3Development of Inclusions Removal Technology by Bubbles6

1.2Mechanism of Bubble Removal of Inclusions28

1.2.1The Mechanism of Inclusion Removal by Bubble Adhesion28

1.2.2The Mechanism of Inclusion Removal by Large Bubble Wake45

1.3Study of Bubble Nucleation47

1.3.1Homogeneous Bubble Nucleation48

1.3.2Bubble Heterogeneous Nucleation49

1.4Study of Bubble Growth69

1.4.1The Growth of a Stationary Bubble70

1.4.2The Growth of Bubble During in the Process of Rising72

1.5The Influence of Different Factors on the Removal of Inclusions by

Bubbles76

1.5.1The Effect of Bubble Size and Dispersion Degree on

Inclusion Removal76

1.5.2Effect of Inclusion Size on Inclusion Removal77

1.5.3Effect of Contact Angle on Inclusion Removal79

1.6The Research Significance and Content of this Book80

References81

Chapter 2Theoretical Analysis of Bubbles Nucleating on Surfaces of

Convex Spherical Inclusions in Molten Steel During

Vacuum Treatment89

2.1Introduction89

2.2Experimental90

2.3Modeling on Thermodynamics of Bubbles Nucleating on Convex

Spherical Inclusions91

2.3.1Interfacial Contact Angle ＞90°91

2.3.2Interfacial Contact Angle ≤ 90°95

2.4Results and Discussion96

2.4.1The Difference between Convex Spherical Surface Nucleation and

Flat Substrate Nucleation96

2.4.2Influence of Inclusion Radius on Bubble Nucleation99

2.4.3Influence of Melt Depth on Bubble Nucleation100

2.4.4Influence of Contact Angle on Bubble Nucleation102

2.4.5Influence of Pretreatment Pressure on Bubble Nucleation103

2.4.6Influence of Vacuum Treatment Pressure on Bubble Nucleation104

2.4.7Experimental Results106

2.5Conclusions108

References109

Chapter 3Bubble Growth and Floating Behavior during Degassing

Process of Molten Steel/(N2,H2)System110

3.1Introduction110

3.2Modeling on Kinetics of Bubble Growth and Floating

Behavior in Steel/(N2,H2)System110

3.2.1Assumptions110

3.2.2The Differential Equation for Floating Velocity of Bubbles111

3.2.3The Differential Equation for Growth Rate of Bubbles113

3.2.4The Differential Equation for Floating Distance of Bubbles114

3.3Water Model Experiment116

3.3.1Experimental 116

3.3.2Modeling on Kinetics of Bubble Growth and Floating Behavior in

Water/CO2 System118

3.3.3Results and Analysis120

3.4Discussion122

3.4.1Influence of Pretreatment Pressure on Bubble Growth and Floating

Behavior122

3.4.2Influence of Gas Type on Bubble Growth and Floating Behavior124

3.4.3Influence of Nucleation Depth on Bubble Growth and Floating

Behavior125

3.4.4Influence of Inclusion Size on Bubble Growth and Floating

Behavior125

3.4.5Influence of Vacuum Treatment Pressure on Bubble Growth and

Floating Behavior127

3.4.6Analysis of Inclusion Removal Mechanism128

3.5Conclusions129

References129

Chapter 4Study on Removal of Inclusions from Silicon Manganese

 Deoxidized Steel by Nitrogen Addition and Nitrogen

Evolution131

4.1Introduction131

4.2Experiment131

4.2.1Experimental Equipment and Materials131

4.2.2Experimental Methods132

4.3Experimental Results134

4.3.1Changes of T［N］ and T［O］ in Steel134

4.3.2Characteristics and Removal Effect of Inclusions in Steel137

4.4Discussion139

4.4.1Influence of Nitrogen Increasing Pressure on Bubble Nucleation in

Steel140

4.4.2Influence of Nitrogen Increasing Pressure on Bubble Density143

4.5Conclusions144

References145

Chapter 5The Mechanism of Inclusion Removal from Molten Steel by

Dissolved Gas Flotation146

5.1Introduction146

5.2Experimental147

5.2.1Dissolved Nitrogen Gas Flotation Experiment in Vacuum Inductive  

Furnace147

5.2.2Water Model Experiment148

5.3Results and Discussion149

5.3.1Solubility of Nitrogen in Liquid Steel149

5.3.2Residual Gas and Inclusion after DGF Refining150

5.3.3Manners of Inclusion Removal by DGF152

5.3.4Mathematical Calculation for Bubbles Flotation in Liquid Steel154

5.4Conclusions157

References157

Chapter 6Production of Clean Steel Using the Soluble Gas Flotation

Method160

6.1Introduction160

6.2Industrial Experiments160

6.3Results163

6.3.1Changes of Nitrogen/Oxygen Content in Steel163

6.3.2The Type and Morphology of Inclusions in Billets164

6.3.3Effect of Inclusion Removal168

6.4Discussion169

6.4.1The Effect of Nitrogen Content on Depth Range of Bubble

Nucleation170

6.4.2Effect of Nitrogen Content on Bubble Nucleation Rate171

6.4.3The Mechanism of PERM and SGFT172

6.5Conclusions175

References175

Chapter 7The Effects of Soluble Gas Flotation Technology on the Flow

Field of Ladle and Inclusion Removal in RH Refine Process177

7.1Introduction177

7.2Experimental178

7.2.1RH Water Model178

7.2.2Experimental Program180

7.3Results and Discussion182

7.3.1Behavior of Bubbles in the Ladle of RH Water Model 182

7.3.2Analysis of Nucleation Mechanism of Bubbles in RH Water

Model and Prototype186

7.3.3Effects of SGFT on Flow Field in RH Ladle188

7.3.4Effects of SGFT on Flow Pattern and Mixing Time of RH Ladle190

7.3.5Analysis of the Trajectory and Inclusion Removal Mechanism of

Bubbles in RH Degasser191

7.3.6Effect of SGFT on Particle Removal in RH Water Model195

7.4Conclusions195

References196

Chapter 8Water Model Study of the Removal Effect of Soluble Gas

Flotation Technology on Inclusions with Different

Characteristics198

8.1Introduction198

8.2Experimental198

8.2.1Raw materials and Experimental Apparatus198

8.2.2Experimental Procedure199

8.3Results and Discussion201

8.3.1Behavior of Bubbles in the Water Model201

8.3.2The Effects of the Particle Number on the Removal Rate203

8.3.3The Effects of the Particle Size on the Removal Rate205

8.3.4The Effects of the Particle Type on the Removal Rate209

8.4Conclusions210

References211

List of Symbols212

List of Figures216

List of Tables224

Acknowledgements226