书名：The Rise And Fall Of The Third Chimpanzee第三种黑猩猩：人类的身世与未来
作者：Jared Diamond
出版社名称：Vintage
出版时间：1992
语种：英文
ISBN：9780099913801
商品尺寸：19.6 x 13.2 x 2.5 cm
包装：平装
页数：368（以实物为准）
★作为“第三种黑猩猩”，人类，是如何演化成今天的模样的？
★《枪炮、病菌与钢铁》前传，普利策奖、英国科普图书奖双料得主，比尔·盖茨很喜欢的作家之一，贾雷德·戴蒙德教授“人类大历史三部曲”序曲！

The Rise And Fall Of The Third Chimpanzee《第三种黑猩猩：人类的身世与未来》是戴蒙德教授第1本为知识大众写的书，也是他首次获得英国科普图书奖的作品。书中的一些重要论点，在其后的《枪炮、病菌与钢铁》以及《崩溃：社会如何选择成败兴亡》中做了更完整的铺陈，被合称为“人类大历史三部曲”。

媒体评论：
“妙趣横生，风格生动，我们不由得开始思考人类的演化和身世之谜：我们从哪里来？又将走向何处？”——《纽约时报书评》

“《第三种黑猩猩》这本书，经得起时间的考验。”——爱德华·威尔逊（美国国家科学奖得主、哈佛大学生物学教授）

From the Pulitzer Prize winning author of Guns, Germs and Steel
More than 98 % of human genes are shared with two species of chimpanzee. The 'third' chimpanzee is man.
Jared Diamond surveys our life-cycle, culture, sexuality and destructive urges both towards ourselves and the planet to explore the ways in which we are uniquely human yet still influenced by our animal origins.

Review
"Eloquent and knowledgeable account of the tiny genetic difference between humans and chimps" (Independent)

"Some biologists are just scientists; but some truly are thinkers. Jared Diamond is one of the latter. Whatever he applies himself to, his contribution is original and worthwhile"(Colin Tudge)

"A fascinating portrait with more than enough uncomfortable facts to stop any dinner-party conversation in its tracks - an important book" (Financial Times)

"Confirms Diamond as an impressive scholar and popularizer-an enjoyable, stimulating and audacious book"(Nature)
人不同于禽兽，毋庸置疑；人是一种大型哺乳类动物，亦毋庸置疑。

根据现代遗传学研究，我们与另外两种黑猩猩的基因组，有98%是相同的。若有从外太空来的动物学家，一定会毫不犹豫地将人归类成“第三种黑猩猩”。我们对人类并不陌生，但是，人类是怎样演化成今天的模样的？人之所以为人，又是哪些关键因素的杰作？

全书分成五个部分讨论，回顾了人类的兴亡史。人类从动物界兴起，同时，我们自毁的能力也加速成长。我们面临的问题，的确发轫于动物根源。那些问题跟随着我们，与逐渐增长的力量和人口一起成长，现在更是以惊人的速度膨胀得厉害。

本书对于当前的重大议题，如两性关系、族群关系、生态问题，都有重要睿见。人类的“性行为”决定了社会组织的方式。人类是遍布全球的物种，一方面获得了充分的“人性”实验空间，另一方面又不可避免地导致“族群问题”。人类近1万年的历史，以族群扩张与冲突为基调，可是充满血泪的历史剧，进一步分析后，反映的竟然只是“生物地理”的宿命。族群扩张其实还有更深刻的面相，塑造了人文世界的荣耀与隐忧：发展普通人伦理想以及恣意剥削自然。
贾雷德·戴蒙德，美国加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校医学院生理学教授，美国艺术与科学院、国家科学院院士，是当代少数几位探究人类社会与文明的思想家之一。戴蒙德的研究使他获奖无数，包括美国国家科学奖、美国地理学会伯尔奖、泰勒环境贡献奖、日本国际环境和谐奖和麦克阿瑟基金会研究基金。

Jared Diamond is the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Guns, Germs, and Steel, which was named one of TIME’s best non-fiction books of all time, the number one international bestseller Collapse and most recently The World Until Yesterday. A professor of geography at UCLA and noted polymath, Diamond’s work has been influential in the fields of anthropology, biology, ornithology, ecology and history, among others.
The next time that you visit a zoo, make a point of walking past the ape cages. Imagine that the apes had lost most of their hair, and imagine a cage nearby holding some unfortunate people who had no clothes and couldn't speak but were otherwise normal. Now try guessing how similar those apes are to ourselves genetically. For instance, would you guess that a chimpanzee shares ten, fifty, or ninety-nine per cent of its genes with humans?

Then ask yourself why those apes are on exhibit in cages, and why other apes are being used for medical experiments, while it is not permissible to do either of those things to humans. Suppose it turned out that chimps shared 99.9% of their genes with us, and that the important differences between humans and chimps were due to just a few genes. Would you still think it is okay to put chimps in cages and to experiment on them? Consider those unfortunate mentally-defective people who have much less capacity to solve problems, to care for themselves, to communicate, to engage in social relationships, and to feel pain, than do apes. What is the logic that forbids medical experiments on those people, but not on apes?

You might answer that apes are' animals', while humans are humans, and that is enough. An ethical code for treating humans should not be extended to an ' animal', no matter what percentage of its genes it shares with us, and no matter what its capacity for social relationships or for feeling pain. That is an arbitrary but at least self-consistent answer that cannot be lightly dismissed. In that case, learning more about our ancestral relationships will not have any ethical consequences, but it will still satisfy our intelectual curiosity to understand where we come from. Every human society has felt a deep need to make sense of its origins, and has answered that need with its own story of the Creation. The Tale of Three Chimps is the creation story of our time.

For centuries it has been clear approximately where we fit into the animal kingdom. We are obviously mammals, the group of animals characterized by having hair, nursing their young, and other features. Among mammals we are obviously primates, the group of mammals including monkeys and apes. We share with other primates numerous traits lacking in most other mammals, such as flat fingernails and toenails rather than claws, hands for gripping, a thumb that can be opposed to the other four fingers, and a penis that hangs free rather than being attached to the abdomen. Already by the Second Century AD, the Greek physician Galen deduced our approximate place in Nature correctly when he dissected various animals and found that a monkey was ' most similar to man in viscera, muscles, arteries, veins, nerves and in the form of bones'.