• 书名：Advances and Innovations in Ferronickel-making

• ISBN：978-7-5024-9281-6

• 出版社：冶金工业出版社有限公司

• 定价：299

• 作者：Guanghui Li, Jun Luo, Mingjun Rao, et al

出版时间：2023-03-31

内容简介

利用红土镍矿中生产镍或镍铁的工艺大致可分为火法冶金和湿法冶金两类。湿法冶金包括直接浸出工艺、预焙烧-浸出工艺；火法冶金包括造锍熔炼工艺、冶炼镍铁工艺(回转窑粒铁工艺、烧结-高炉工艺和回转窑预还原-电炉工艺)。近年来我国和世界范围内红土镍矿冶炼镍铁工艺发展迅速，但也暴露出原料波动大、工艺适用性差、生产流程长、能耗大、环境污染重等问题，已成为制约镍铁工业乃至不锈钢工业持续健康发展的隐患。

本书作者团队基于冶金原理进行了十余年基础研究与技术开发工作，对以红土镍矿为原料生产镍铁工艺的若干技术瓶颈方面取得突破，实现了低成本、高效率、环境友好的镍铁生产。其中包括红土镍矿选择性固态还原技术、红土镍矿熔炼渣系调控技术、红土镍矿软熔性能调控技术、镍铁冶炼渣的资源化利用技术等。在印尼建设的示范性工厂顺利投入运行，对红土镍矿冶炼镍铁新技术进行了验证。

目录

CHAPTER 1 ANOVERVIEW OF NICKEL UTILIZATION FROM LATERITE ORES 2

ABSTRACT 2

KEYWORDS 2

1.1 APPLICATIONS OFNICKEL 4

1.2 DEMAND OFNICKEL 7

1.3 RESOURCES OFNICKEL 11

1.4 METALLURGICALPROCESSES OF LATERITE ORES 15

1.4.1Hydrometallurgical processes 18

1.4.2Pyrometallurgical processes 29

1.5 CHALLENGES ANDDEVELOPMENT OF FERRONICKEL-MAKING 39

REFERENCES 46

CHAPTER 2FUNDAMENTALS OF SELECTIVE SOLID-STATE REDUCTION AND NOVEL PROCESS FOR PREPARINGFERRONICKEL FROM LATERITE ORE 1

ABSTRACT 1

KEYWORDS 2

2.1 THERMODYNAMICSOF REDUCTIONSULFIDATION OF NICKEL AND IRON OXIDES 2

2.1.1Thermodynamics of reduction 3

2.1.2Thermodynamics of sulfidation 6

2.2 BEHAVIORS OFSELECTIVE REDUCTIONSULFIDATION OF LATERITE ORE 15

2.2.1 Influencefactors of reductionsulfidation 18

2.2.2 Kinetics ofreductionsulfidation 29

2.3 GROWTH OFFERRONICKEL GRAIN DURING SOLID-STATE REDUCTION 49

2.3.1 Phasetransformation 49

2.3.2 Softening andmelting property 56

2.3.3Microstructure 61

2.4.4 Growing modeof ferronickel particles 72

2.4 NEW PROCESS OFPREPARING FERRONICKEL THROUGH SELECTIVE SOLID-STATE REDUCTION-MAGNETICSEPARATION AND ITS APPLICATION 79

2.4.1 Maintechnological parameters 87

2.4.2 Pilot-scaletest of direct reduction within “firing model” rotary kiln 99

2.4.3 Industrialtest of direct reduction-magnetic separation in coal-based rotary kiln 106

2.4.4 Comparisonbetween the new process and existing processes 115

REFERENCES 121

CHAPTER 3TECHNOLOGY OF SLAG FORMATION CONTROL IN ELECTRIC FURNACE SMELTING OF LATERITEORE 3

ABSTRACT 3

KEYWORDS 3

3.1 PHASE DIAGRAMSOF SLAG SYSTEMS 6

3.1.1MgO–SiO2–Al2O3 slag system 6

3.1.2MgO–SiO2–Al2O3–FeO slag system 11

3.1.3CaO–MgO–SiO2–Al2O3–FeO slag system 19

3.2 LIQUID PHASEFORMATION DURING SMELTING 33

3.2.1 Effect of CaOcontent 34

3.2.2 Effect of FeOcontent 44

3.2.3 Effect of MgOcontent 51

3.2.4 Effect ofAl2O3 content 55

3.3 VISCOSITYBEHAVIOR OF SLAG 61

3.3.1 Effect of CaOcontent 62

3.3.2 Effect of FeOcontent 63

3.3.3 Effect of MgOcontent 66

3.3.4 Effect ofAl2O3 content 67

3.3.5 Verificationtests 71

3.4 TECHNICS FORCONTROLLING SLAG FORMATION 78

3.5 APPLICATIONS OFCONTROLLING SLAG FORMATION 81

3.5.1 Effect ofcoke dosage 83

3.5.2 Effect ofquaternary basicity of slag 85

3.5.3 Effect ofsmelting temperature 90

3.5.4 Effect ofsmelting time 91

3.6 PILOT-SCALETESTS 92

3.6.1 Raw materials 92

3.6.2 Experimentalprocedure 96

3.6.3 Results anddiscussion 99

3.7 INDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONS 102

3.7.1 Industrypractice in plant-A 102

3.7.2 Industrypractice in plant-B 111

3.7.3 Assessment ofenergy conservation and emission reduction 112

REFERENCES 115

CHAPTER 4SOFTENING–MELTING PROPERTIES OF LATERITE ORE AND REGULATION TECHNOLOGY APPLIEDIN KRUPP–RENN PROCESS AND SINTERING PROCESS 2

ABSTRACT 2

KEYWORDS 2

4.1 PHASETRANSFORMATION OF LATERITE DURING ROASTING 4

4.1.1 Experimental 4

4.1.1 Effect of CaOcontent 6

4.1.2 Effect ofroasting temperature 17

4.1.3 Effect of COpartial fraction 21

4.2 CHARACTERISTICFUSION TEMPERATURES OF LATERITE 25

4.2.1 Effect of CaOcontent 27

4.2.2 Effect of COpartial fraction in reductive atmosphere 31

4.2.3 Effect of FeOcontent 33

4.3 THE REGULATIONTECHNOLOGY OF SOFTENING–MELTING PERFORMANCE OF LATERITE 35

4.4 THE REGULATIONTECHNOLOGY APPLIED IN THE KRUPP–RENN PROCESS 36

4.4.1 Growthbehaviors of ferronickel granules 36

4.4.2Grinding–magnetic separation of ferronickel from reduced laterite 49

4.4.3 Compared withthe "Oheyama process" 53

4.5 REGULATION OFTHE SINTERING PROCESS 58

4.5.1 Sintering ofsaprolitic laterite ore 59

4.5.2 Sintering oflimonitic laterite ore 71

REFERENCES 80

CHAPTER 5VALORIZATION OF FERRONICKEL SLAG FOR PREPARATION OF VALUE-ADDED MATERIALS 2

ABSTRACT 2

KEYWORDS 2

5.1 PROPERTIES OFFERRONICKEL SLAG 4

5.2 CURRENT STATUSOF UTILIZATION OF FERRONICKEL SLAG 6

5.2.1 Production ofbuilding materials 6

5.2.2 Preparationof functional materials 11

5.2.3 Recovery ofvaluable metals 14

5.3 PREPARATION OFREFRACTORY MATERIALS FROM FERRONICKEL SLAG 19

5.3.1 Thermodynamicanalysis for preparing refractory materials from ferronickel slag 19

5.3.2 Technologyfor preparing refractory materials from ferronickel slag 37

5.4 PREPARATION OFLIGHTWEIGHT THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS FROM FERRONICKEL SLAG 103

5.4.1 Effect of FACaddition 105

5.4.2 Effect ofsintering temperature 107

5.4.3 Effect of sinteringtime 109

REFERENCES 112

CHAPTER 6 RECYCLINGOF STAINLESS-STEEL PICKLING SLUDGE VIA RKEF ROUTE 1

ABSTRACT 1

KEYWORDS 1

6.1 PROPERTIES OFPICKLING SLUDGE 3

6.2 DESULFURIZATIONDURING PRE-REDUCTION OF SSPS WITH LATERITE ORE 5

6.2.1 Effect ofcoke breeze and SSPS dosages 7

6.2.2 Effect ofpre-reduction temperature and time 8

6.2.3 Mechanisms ofdesulfurization 9

6.3 SMELTING OF THEPRE-REDUCED CALCINE FOR METAL RECOVERY 16

References 18