内容提要

本书共分为9章，第1、2章分别论述了气溶胶粒子的基本性质和在不同外力作用下气溶胶粒子的运动行为。第3、4章分别论述了对气溶胶粒子分离技术进步具有重要指导作用的扩散与凝并理论。第5～8章分别论述了气溶胶粒子的空气动力分离、静电捕集、纤维过滤和湿式净化的原理及应用。第9章介绍了目前最具代表性和应用价值的气溶胶粒子复合高效净化技术，阐述了各复合净化装置的结构特征、技术核心、分离机理和应用优势。

本书既可作为环境、安全、土木、化工、冶金、建筑等相关专业的硕士或博士生双语教材和科研工具书，也可作为大气污染控制领域的科研和工程技术人员的专业参考书。

化石燃料燃烧产生的气溶胶微粒是导致大气污染的主要原因之一。目前，微细颗粒物排放所造成的雾霾污染状况依然严峻，控制雾霾的一条重要途径是运用气溶胶科学与技术进行微细颗粒物排放的源头控制。然而，不同工业过程产生的细颗粒物的传输介质、几何形态、粒径分布、物理化学性质等影响因素复杂多变，采取传统的除尘技术实现颗粒污染物达标排放通常是有难度的。

为推动颗粒物控制技术的发展，作者先后编著了《现代除尘理论与技术》（冶金工业出版社，2002年出版）、《纤维过滤理论、技术及应用》（冶金工业出版社，2007年出版），在国内颗粒污染物控制领域产生了积极影响。其中，《现代除尘理论与技术》自出版以来一直作为我校和其他部分院校安全和环境类专业的研究生教学用书，在人才培养、学科建设方面起到了促进作用。但在教学、科研与工程实践中逐渐发现，气溶胶科学才是除尘技术创新与发展的原动力。于是，作者编著了《气溶胶科学技术基础》（中国环境科学出版社，2012年出版），作为颗粒污染物控制理论体系完备性的一个补充。

前言ContentsContents

1Basic Nature of Particulate Pollutants1

11Particle Size 1

111Particulate Pollutants1

112Equivalent Particle Diameters3

12Size Distribution5

121Particle Number Fraction 5

122Particle Frequency Distribution7

123Particle Cumulative Frequency Distribution 8

124Particle Number and Mass Distribution 10

13Particle Concentration 11

131Relation of Number and Mass Concentrations 11

132Relation of Standards and Particulate Pollutant Concentration 13

133Relation of Human Health and Particulate Pollutant 14

Exercises16

References17

2Motion of Aerosol Particulate in an External Force Field18

21Drag Force on a Single Spherical Particle18

211Laminar Regime19

212Transition Regime19

213Turbulent Regime19

214Particles too Small for Stokes’ Law20

22Motion of a Particle in an External Force Field20

221Motion of a Particle in Gas under Gravity20

222Motion of a Particle under a Centrifugal Force 23

223Motion of a Charged Particle in an Electric Field 24

23Suspension of a Particle in a Duct25

231Particle Suspension Caused by a Shear Lift Force26

232Particle Suspension Caused by Pressure Difference26

Exercises30

References31

3Diffusion of Aerosol Particulate32

31Basic Diffusion Law32

311Fick’s First Law 32

312Fick’s Second Law33

32Diffusion in Still Gas33

321Diffusion for Reflection Wall in Still Gas33

322Diffusion for Absorption Wall in Still Gas36

323Diffusion for Absorption Surface of a Sphere in Still Gas38

324Diffusion for Absorption Surface of a Cylindrical Tube in Still Gas40

33Diffusion in Static Gas Flow42

331Diffusion for Reflection Wall of a Rectangular Duct42

332Diffusion for Reflection Wall of a Cylindrical Duct44

333Diffusion for Absorption Wall of a Rectangular Duct44

334Diffusion for Absorption Wall of a Cylindrical Duct45

34Diffusion of a Gas Flow Around an Axisymmetric Body46

341Diffusion of a Gas Flow Around a Cylinder 46

342Diffusion of a Gas Flow Around a Sphere49

Exercises50

References51

4Coagulation of Aerosol Particulate52

41Brownian Coagulation52

411Brownian Coagulation of Monodisperse Particles52

412Brownian Coagulation of Polydisperse Particles54

42Electrical Coagulation57

421Coulomb’s Coagulation57

422Electrostatic Coagulation in an Alternating Electric Field59

43Particle Distribution in Coagulation Process60

431Assumption of Selfpreserving60

432Particle Size Distribution Simplification in Coagulation Process62

Exercises64

References65

5Aerodynamic Separation of Particulate67

51Settling Chamber67

511Settling Chamber of Laminar Flow67

512Settling Chamber of Turbulent Flow69

52Inertial Separators71

521Inertial Deposition in Arch Duct71

522Cascade Impactor74

53Cyclone Collector77

531Flow Field of Cyclone77

532Collection Efficiency of Cyclone79

533Pressure Drop of Cyclone82

534Dimensions of Cyclone83

535Multiple Cyclone84

Exercises87

References89

6Electrostatic Precipitation91

61Basic Principles of ESP91

611Types of ESP91

612Particulate Collection Process of ESP92

62Particle Charging93

621Corona and Ion Generation in ESP93

622Charge on a Particle94

63Electric Field95

631Electric Field in Wiretube ESP95

632Electric Field in Wireplate ESP98

64Deutsch Equation 102

641Collection Efficiency of Wireplate ESP102

642Collection Efficiency of Wiretube ESP103

65Effect Factors on Collection Performance of ESP104

651Charging Electric Field Strength104

652Collection Electric Field Strength105

653Dust Reentrainment106

654Specific Collection Area108

655Voltagecurrent Characteristics108

656Dust Resistivity111

657Gas Distribution113

66ESP Design 113

661Information Required for an ESP Design113

662Overall Mass Collection Efficiency115

663Design Procedure116

Exercises118

References119

7Fabric Filtration121

71Mechanisms of Particle Capture by a Fiber121

711Interception122

712Inertial Impaction123

713Diffusion124

714Combination Collection Efficiency of Independent Mechanisms124

72Collection Efficiency of a Fibrous Filter Bed125

721Depth Filtration Efficiency of a Filter125

722Surface Filtration Efficiency of a Filter127

73Pressure Drop of a Fibrous Filter Bed127

731Pressure Drop of a Clean Filter Bed127

732Pressure Drop of a Filter Bed with Cake Filtration129

74Filter Media130

741General Description130

742Membrane Filter130

75Industrial Baghouse 134

751Pulse Jet134

752Mechanical Shaking135

753Backwash135

754Sonic136

76Baghouse Design137

761Filter Emissions137

762Filtration Velocity138

763Cleaning Design139

Exercises144

References145

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