书名: 经济学原理 导读注释版 Principles of Economics

定价: 238

作者: （英） 阿尔弗雷德.马歇尔

出版社: 上海译文出版社

出版日期: 2021-05

用纸: 胶版纸

装帧: 精装

开本: 32

ISBN: 9787532786398

作为与斯密《国富论》、李嘉图《政治经济学及赋税原理》齐名的划时代著作，马歇尔《经济学原理》用浅显的语言使经济学平易近人，改变了经济学著作给人的刻板印象。全书章节布局紧凑，逻辑推理循序渐进，马歇尔还在书后附加十二个附录阐述他对每个概念或问题的深刻见解。他在书中提出的观点可能有其局限之处，但其精华仍值得我们研读。

《经济学原理》全书共分六篇。马歇尔先在导论中界定了经济学的定义，研究对象、范围和方法等，他认为经济学是研究人类一般生活事务的学问，不仅是对社会财富和经济现象的研究，也是对人本身的研究。马歇尔在第二篇阐述了一系列经济学概念，包括财富、市场、消费、生产、劳动、资本、利息和利润等。第三篇主要研究消费和需求理论，涉及需求规律、需求弹性、消费者剩余等。第四、五篇主要阐述了生产、需求、供给和价值之间的一般关系。马歇尔用需求、供给和价格三者之间的函数关系来论证他的均衡价格论。

导读

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION

PREFACE TO THE EIGHTH EDITION

BOOK I. PRELIMINARY SURVEY

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER II. THE SUBSTANCE OF ECONOMICS

CHAPTER III. ECONOMIC GENERALIZATIONS OR LAWS

CHAPTER IV. THE ORDER AND AIMS OF ECONOMIC STUDIES

BOOK II. SOME FUNDAMENTAL NOTIONS

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY

CHAPTER II. WEALTH

CHAPTER III. PRODUCTION. CONSUMPTION. LABOUR. NECESSARIES

CHAPTER IV. INCOME. CAPITAL

BOOK III. ON WANTS AND THEIR SATISFACTION

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY

CHAPTER II. WANTS IN RELATION TO ACTIVITIES

CHAPTER III. GRADATIONS OF CONSUMERS’ DEMAND

CHAPTER IV. THE ELASTICITY OF WANTS

CHAPTER V. CHOICE BETWEEN DIFFERENT USES OF THE SAME THING. IMMEDIATE AND DEFERRED USES

CHAPTER VI. VALUE AND UTILITY

BOOK IV. THE AGENTS OF PRODUCTION. LAND, LABOUR, CAPITAL AND ORGANIZATION

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY

CHAPTER II. THE FERTILITY OF LAND

CHAPTER III. THE FERTILITY OF LAND, CONTINUED. THE TENDENCY TO DIMINISHING RETURN

CHAPTER IV. THE GROWTH OF POPULATION

CHAPTER V. THE HEALTH AND STRENGTH OF THE POPULATION

CHAPTER VI. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

CHAPTER VII. THE GROWTH OF WEALTH

CHAPTER VIII. INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION

CHAPTER IX. INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION, CONTINUED. DIVISION OF LABOUR. THE INFLUENCE OF MACHINERY

CHAPTER X. INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION, CONTINUED. THE CONCENTRATION OF SPECIALIZED INDUSTRIES IN PARTICULAR LOCALITIES

CHAPTER XI. INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION, CONTINUED. PRODUCTION ON A LARGE SCALE

CHAPTER XII. INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION, CONTINUED. BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER XIII. CONCLUSION. CORRELATION OF THE TENDENCIES TO INCREASING AND TO DIMINISHING RETURN

BOOK V. GENERAL RELATIONS OF DEMAND, SUPPLY AND VALUE

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY. ON MARKETS

CHAPTER II. TEMPORARY EQUILIBRIUM OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY

CHAPTER III. EQUILIBRIUM OF NORMAL DEMAND AND SUPPLY

CHAPTER IV. THE INVESTMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF RESOURCES

CHAPTER V. EQUILIBRIUM OF NORMAL DEMAND AND SUPPLY, CONTINUED, WITH REFERENCE TO LONG AND SHORT PERIODS

CHAPTER VI. JOINT AND COMPOSITE DEMAND. JOINT AND COMPOSITE SUPPLY

CHAPTER VII. PRIME AND TOTAL COST IN RELATION TO JOINT PRODUCTS. COST OF MARKETING. INSURANCE AGAINST ISK. COST OF REPRODUCTION

CHAPTER VIII. MARGINAL COSTS IN RELATION TO VALUES. GENERAL PRINCIPLES

CHAPTER IX. MARGINAL COSTS IN RELATION TO VALUES. GENERAL PRINCIPLES, CONTINUED

CHAPTER X. MARGINAL COSTS IN RELATION TO AGRICULTURAL VALUES

CHAPTER XI. MARGINAL COSTS IN RELATION TO URBAN VALUES

CHAPTER XII. EQUILIBRIUM OF NORMAL DEMAND AND SUPPLY, CONTINUED, WITH REFERENCE TO THE LAW OF INCREASING RETURN

CHAPTER XIII. THEORY OF CHANGES OF NORMAL DEMAND AND SUPPLY IN RELATION TO THE DOCTRINE OF MAXIMUM SATISFACTION

CHAPTER XIV. THE THEORY OF MONOPOLIES

CHAPTER XV. SUMMARY OF THE GENERAL THEORY OF EQUILIBRIUM OF DEMAND AND SUPPLY

BOOK VI. THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIONAL INCOME

CHAPTER I. PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF DISTRIBUTION

CHAPTER II. PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF DISTRIBUTION, CONTINUED

CHAPTER III. EARNINGS OF LABOUR

CHAPTER IV. EARNINGS OF LABOUR, CONTINUED

CHAPTER V. EARNINGS OF LABOUR, CONTINUED

CHAPTER VI. INTEREST OF CAPITAL

CHAPTER VII. PROFITS OF CAPITAL AND BUSINESS POWER

CHAPTER VIII. PROFITS OF CAPITAL AND BUSINESS POWER, CONTINUED

CHAPTER IX. RENT OF LAND

CHAPTER X. LAND TENURE

CHAPTER XI. GENERAL VIEW OF DISTRIBUTION

CHAPTER XII. GENERAL INFLUENCES OF ECONOMIC PROGRESS

CHAPTER XIII. PROGRESS IN RELATION TO STANDARDS OF LIFE

APPENDIX A. THE GROWTH OF FREE INDUSTRY AND ENTERPRISE

APPENDIX B. THE GROWTH OF ECONOMIC SCIENCE

APPENDIX C. THE SCOPE AND METHOD OF ECONOMICS

APPENDIX D. USES OF ABSTRACT REASONING IN ECONOMICS

APPENDIX E. DEFINITIONS OF CAPITAL

APPENDIX F. BARTER

APPENDIX G. THE INCIDENCE OF LOCAL RATES, WITH SOME SUGGESTIONS AS TO POLICY

APPENDIX H. LIMITATIONS OF THE USE OF STATICAL ASSUMPTIONS IN REGARD TO INCREASING RETURN

APPENDIX I. RICARDO’S THEORY OF VALUE

APPENDIX J. THE DOCTRINE OF THE WAGES-FUND

APPENDIX K. CERTAIN KINDS OF SURPLUS

APPENDIX L. RICARDO’S DOCTRINE AS TO TAXES AND IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTRE

MATHEMATICAL APPENDIX

术语汇编与简释

阿尔弗雷德·马歇尔是19世纪末20世纪初英国乃至全球最具影响力的经济学家，是新古典主义经济学派的奠基者，剑桥学派的创始人。高原，上海外国语大学助理研究员，上海财经大学经济史系博士。

1.Economics is a study of men as they live and move and think in the ordinary business of life. But it concerns itself chiefly with those motives which affect, most powerfully and most steadily, man's conduct in the business part of his life. Everyone who is worth anything carries his higher nature with him into business; and, there as elsewhere, he is influenced by his personal affections, bu his conceptions of duty and his reverence for high ideals. And it is true that the best energies of the ablest inventors and organizers of improved methods and appliances are stimulated by a noble emulation more than by any love of wealth for its own sake. But, for all that, the steadiest motive to ordinary business work is the desire for the pay which is the material reward of work. The pay may be on its way to be spent selfishly or unselfishly, for noble or base ends; and here the variety of human nature comes into play. But the motive is supplied by a definite amount of money: and it is this definite and exact money measurement of the steadiest motives in business life, which has enabled economics far to outrun every other branch of the study of man. Just as the chemist's fine balance has made chemistry more eact than most other physical sciences; so this economist's balance, rough and imperfect as it is, has made economics more exact than any other branch of social science. But of course economics cannot be compared with the exact physical sciences: for it deals with the ever changing and subtle forces of human nature.