奥尔森：深度学习：思维如何超越经验 Deep Learning : How the Mind Overrides Experience

基本信息

Format:Paperback / softback 540 pages, 15 Tables, unspecified; 44 Line drawings, unspecified

Publisher:Cambridge University Press

Imprint:Cambridge University Press

ISBN:9781107661363

Published:12 Nov 2013

Weight:768g

Dimensions:230 x 153 x 29 (mm)

页面参数仅供参考，具体以实物为准

书籍简介

虽然保留、处理和将先前经验投射到未来情况的能力是不可少的，但人类的大脑也具有超越经验和适应不断变化的环境的能力。认知科学家斯特兰·奥尔森分析了三种类型的深层、非单调认知变化：创造性洞察力、通过从错误中学习而适应认知技能以及从一种信念转变为另一种不相容的信念。对于每个主题，奥尔森总结了过去的研究，重新制定了相关的研究问题，并提出了回答这些问题的信息处理机制。这三种理论基于激活重新分配、实践知识专业化和陈述性信息重新吸收的原则。奥尔森通过衡量这些机制对时间、复杂性和社会互动的影响来发展这些机制的含义。本书以非单调认知变化的统一理论结束，该理论捕捉了三种变化类型共有的抽象属性。

Although the ability to retain, process, and project prior experience onto future situations is indispensable, the human mind also possesses the ability to override experience and adapt to changing circumstances. Cognitive scientist Stellan Ohlsson analyzes three types of deep, non-monotonic cognitive change: creative insight, adaptation of cognitive skills by learning from errors, and conversion from one belief to another, incompatible belief. For each topic, Ohlsson summarizes past research, re-formulates the relevant research questions, and proposes information-processing mechanisms that answer those questions. The three theories are based on the principles of redistribution of activation, specialization of practical knowledge, and re-subsumption of declarative information. Ohlsson develops the implications of those mechanisms by scaling their effects with respect to time, complexity, and social interaction. The book ends with a unified theory of non-monotonic cognitive change that captures the abstract properties that the three types of change share.

作者简介

斯特兰·奥尔森是伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校 (UIC) 的心理学教授和计算机科学副教授。他于 1980 年获得斯德哥尔摩大学心理学博士学位。在 1996 年加入 UIC 之前，他曾担任卡内基梅隆大学机器人研究所的研究员和匹兹堡大学学习研究与发展中心 (LRDC) 的高级科学家。他的工作得到了海军研究办公室 (ONR)、美国国家科学基金会 (NSF) 和其他组织的支持。奥尔森博士发表了大量关于认知计算模型、创造性洞察力、技能获取和教学软件设计以及高级认知的其他主题的论文。

Stellan Ohlsson is Professor of Psychology and Adjunct Professor of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). He received his Ph.D. in psychology from the University of Stockholm in 1980. He has held positions as Research Associate in the Robotics Institute at Carnegie-Mellon University and as Senior Scientist in the Learning Research and Development Center (LRDC) at the University of Pittsburgh, before joining UIC in 1996. His work has been supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and other organizations. Dr Ohlsson has published extensively on computational models of cognition, creative insight, skill acquisition, and the design of instructional software, as well as other topics in higher cognition.