内容简介

本书结合作者近几年的研究成果，主要内容包括：核辐射监测和成像，具体为国内首创的基于智能手机和监控摄像头CMOS传感器的核辐射测量、高灵敏度的能谱仪、具有定位和成像的探测器和设备，可应用于材料放射性检测、无损检测成像；在核医学上的应用，包括正电子发射断层成像PET设备和单光子发射断层成像设备SPECT,以及对应的高性能探测器和相关质控技术和数据处理算法。本书可供高等院校仪器、仪表专业的本科生、研究生学习参考,也可供从事核科学与技术相关领域的科技人员参考。

前言概述

Nuclearscienceandtechnologyiswidelyusedinindustry,agriculture,medicine,materials,geology,archaeologyandotherfields,whichgreatlybenefithumanbeings.Intermsofenergy,nuclearpower,asthebasicenergytoreplacecoalpoweronalargescale,ismorefeasibleandhasstrongeradvantagesthanwindenergyandsolarenergy.Nucleartechnologyistheperformanceofacountry'scomprehensivenationalstrengthandgreatpowerstatus,andistheforefrontofworldscientificandtechnological
innovation.TheutilizationofnucleartechnologyinChinastartedinthe1950sandhasnowdevelopedintoalargeapplicationcountryfornucleartechnology.ThewideapplicationofnucleartechnologyhaspromotedtheconstructionanddevelopmentofChina'snationaleconomy.Therearesomerisksintheapplicationofnucleartechnology.Akindofenergyemittedbyradioactivematerialsintheformofwavesorparticlesiscallednuclearradiation.Nuclearradiationcanbeproducedbynuclearexplosionandnuclearaccident.
Nuclearradiationisionizingradiationwhichmainlyincludesα,βandγrays.Exceedingacertaindosethresholdcancauseharmtohumans,whichinturnthreatenspublichealthandevenhomelandsecurity.TheeffectofanextremelyseverenuclearleakagecausedbyanearthquakeinFukushima,Japan,in2011,ishugeandstillnoteliminated.Radiationsourceloss,theft,andrunawayaccidentsalsooccur.Moreover,thecurrentinternationalsituationiscomplex.Terroristsillegallypurchaseradioactivematerials
tomake"dirtybombs".Thus,risksandhiddendangersintheapplicationofnucleartechnologyshouldnotbeignored,butweshouldnotgiveupbecauseofchoking.Safeuseofnucleartechnologyistherightdevelopmentpath.Nuclearsafetyconcernsthesafetyandstabilityofsocialorderaswellasthesustainabledevelopmentofnationaleconomy.Itisthelifelineofnucleardevelopmentandanimportantpartofnationalsecurity.
Inthefirstpartofthisbook,avarietyofnuclearradiationdetectiontechnologiesareproposedfortheapplicationofnuclearsafety.Chapter1and2includethenuclearradiationdetectiontechnologybasedoncamera’schargecoupleddevice(CCD)andcomplementarymetaloxidesemi-conductor(CMOS)sensors,whichcanrealizeaverylow-costandwide-coveragenuclearradiationmonitoringmethodfortheprotectionofpeople'slives;InChapter3,ahighsensitivityNaI(TI)spectrometeris
developedanditstemperaturedriftcharacteristicsarestudied;InChapter4,threekindsofdetectorswithdirectionalpositioningabilityandacoded-aperturegamma-rayimagingcameraaredesignedtolocatetheradioactivesourcerapidly.Nuclearradiationdetectionandimagingtechnologyisnotonlyusedfornuclearradiationmonitoring,butalsowidelyusedinnuclearmedicineimaging.Theirrelatedprinciplesandtechnologiesaresimilar.Therefore,nuclearmedicalimagingisanotherimportantresearchdirection
ofourresearchgroup.Chapter5ofthisbookwillintroducenuclearmedicineimagingtechnology,mainlyincludingpositronemissiontomography(PET)andsinglephotonemissioncomputedtomography(SPECT);Chapter6introducesthebackgroundradiationandapplicationoflutetium-176inPETsystem;Chapter7introducesthehighperformancePETdetector;Chapter8introducesadepthofinteractionPETdetector;Chapter9introducestheenergycalibrationandthelook-uptablegenerationmethodforPETdetectors;
Chapter10introducesthehigh-performanceSPECTdetectorbasedonphoswichscintillator

作者介绍

魏清阳，北京科技大学自动化学院副教授、博士生导师。北京市工业波谱成像工程技术研究中心副主任、中国核学会核仪器分会理事、中国医学装备协会核医学装备与技术专业委员会委员、IEEESeniorMember.主持国家自然科学基金面上项目和青年项目等10余项科研项目，总经费300余万。发表SCIEI论文50余篇、已授权发明专利~30项，完成专利转让2项。获2019年中国发明协会发明创新奖银奖、2020年因英国国际创新发明技术展览会金奖与杰出创新奖和2020摩洛哥“非洲创新周”金奖。

目录

Chapter1：Introductionofnuclearradiation

1.1Introductionofthebenefitofnuclearradiation

1.2Introductionoftheharmofnuclearradiation

1.3Introductionofthedetectionmethods

1.4Theorganizationofthisbook

1.5References

Chapter2：Radiationdetectiontechniqueusingsmartphones

2.1Introduction

2.2DevelopmentofRAYDOSEAPP

2.3DevelopmentofHRRADMONAPP

2.4Summary

2.5References

Chapter3：Radiationdetectiontechniquesusingsurveillancecameras

3.1Introduction

3.2Extractingtheradioactivesignalfromastaticvideo

3.3Improvingthesensitivityusingthelong-wavelengthpassfilter

3.4Extracttheradioactivesignalfromavideocontainingmovingobject

3.5Summary

3.6References

Chapter4：HighsensitivityNaI(Tl)spectrometry

4.1Introduction

4.2Systemdescription

4.3Experiments

4.4Results

4.5Conclusion

4.6References

Chapter5：Radiationdetectionusingscintillatordetectorwiththeattenuationprinciple

5.1Introduction

5.2System1:anattenuationbaseddirection-sensitivesandwichdetector

5.3System2:a360degreesensitivedetector

5.4System3:a4pisensitivedetector

5.5Summary

5.6References

Chapter6：Radiationimagingusingcoded-aperturegammacamera

6.1Introduction

6.2Materialandmethods

6.3Results

6.4Conclusion

6.5References

Chapter7：Introductionofnuclearmedicineimaging

7.1Introduction

7.2SPECTimaging

7.3PETimaging

7.4AcompactPETSPECTCTsystemforsmallanimalimaging

7.5Summary

7.6References

Chapter8：IntrinsicRadiationinLutetiumBasedPETDetector

8.1IntroductionofLutetium-176

8.2ThedrawbacksofLu-176inPET

8.3ThetraditionalbenefitsofLu-176inPETsystems

8.4Lu-176forpinholegeometrycalibration

8.5Lu-176Forsystemalignment

8.6Conclusions

8.7References

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