On Human Nature

基本信息

作者: Arthur Schopenhauer

语种：英语

平装: 96 pages (2010年11月18日)

出版社: Dover Publications

ISBN: 9780486478418

产品重量及尺寸: 213 x 148 x 6 (mm)|112g

页面参数仅供参考，具体以实物为准

书籍简介

A disciple of Kant and a significant factor in shaping Nietzsche's thinking, Arthur Schopenhauer worked from the foundation that all knowledge derives from our experience of the world but that our experience is necessarily subjective and formed by our own intellect and biases: reality, therefore, is but an extension of our own will. In this essay, translated by THOMAS BAILEY SAUNDERS (1860-1928) and first published in English in the 1890s, Schopenhauer offers his outlook on human nature... and a pessimistic one it is, for Schopenhauer saw life through a Buddhist-like lens of desire leading to suffering, and the abjuration of desire as the only path to temporary relief. Here, the philosopher examines human institutions such as government, human ideals such as free will, and human understanding of character and morality, and finds underlying them a fatalistic impulse driving culture from extremes of despotism to those of anarchy, with little stopping along the way. Students of philosophy and of 19th-century intellectualism will find this a fascinating read.

作者简介

阿图尔·叔本华（德文：Arthur Schopenhauer，1788年2月22日－1860年9月21日），著名德国哲学家，唯意志主义的开创者，非理性主义哲学家的代表人物，无神论者和宿命论者。主要哲学观点涉及形而上学、伦理学、逻辑学和美学。 叔本华思想的主要灵感来自于柏拉图和康德，印度哲学对其亦有一定影响。他与同时代的其他哲学家不同，没有取消康德的“物自体”概念，而是把它定义为意志，并在这一基础上对整个世界进行了阐述。 通常叔本华被认为是一个彻底的悲观主义者，实际上叔本华主张通过艺术、禁欲和道德来克服生命意志所带来的痛苦。并且叔本华反对自杀，他认为自杀是对生命意志的承认与屈服。 叔本华所开创的非理性主义思潮不仅影响了华格纳、萧伯纳、尼采、托尔斯泰、莫泊桑等不同国家众多的文人和哲学家，甚至连爱因斯坦、薛定谔等科学家，弗洛伊德和荣格等心理学家也都受其影响。

Arthur Schopenhauer,a German philosopher, often called the “philosopher of pessimism,” who was primarily important as the exponent of a metaphysical doctrine of the will in immediate reaction against Hegelian idealism. His writings influenced later existential philosophy and Freudian psychology.