内容简介

本书是无人机应用技术专业系列教材，是根据教育部*新颁布的专业教学

标准，同时参考相应职业资格标准编写的。

本书主要介绍了无人机与大气的基础知识及气流特性、无人机空气动力学

基础、固定翼无人机基本飞行原理、无人直升机基本飞行原理、多旋翼无人机基本飞行原理、无人飞艇基本飞行原理，旨在通过系统的理论学习，让学生准确掌握空气动力学基础知识及各平台类型飞行器的飞行原理。

为方便教学，本书配套有助教课件等教学资源，凡选用本书作为授课教材

的教师，均可登录机械工业出版社教育服务网http://www.cmpedu.com）免费下载，或联系编辑咨询，电话010-88379197。

本书可作为职业院校无人机应用技术专业的教材，也可供相关从业人员及

无人机爱好者参考。

  目录

目 录

前 言

*一章 无人机与大气的基础知识及气流特性................1

*一节 无人机的基础知识.....................................................2

一、固定翼无人机............................................................2

二、无人直升机...............................................................5

三、多旋翼无人机............................................................5

四、无人飞艇...................................................................6

*二节 大气的基础知识........................................................11

.一、大气的基本要素.........................................................11

.二、大气层划分...............................................................12

.三、大气压力...................................................................14

.四、大气压力的度量.........................................................15

.五、海拔对大气压力、飞机性能的影响..............................15

.六、空气密度的影响.........................................................16

第三节 低速气流特性............................................................16

.一、流场的概念...............................................................16

.二、运动的转换...............................................................18

.三、连续性定理...............................................................18

第四节 高速气流特性............................................................19

.一、空气的压缩性............................................................19

.二、激波..........................................................................20

练习题....................................................................................23

*二章 无人机空气动力学基础.........................................25

*一节 无人机空气动力学概述..............................................26

*二节 翼型空气动力学........................................................27

.一、翼型的几何特性.........................................................27

CONTENTS

.二、伯努利定理...............................................................29

.三、受力..........................................................................31

.四、升阻比......................................................................36

.五、空气动力特性的影响因素...........................................37

.六、翼型选择...................................................................38

第三节 机翼空气动力学........................................................39

.一、翼载荷......................................................................40

.二、展弦比......................................................................41

.三、后掠角......................................................................42

.四、根梢比......................................................................44

第四节 旋翼空气动力学........................................................44

.一、旋翼翼型...................................................................45

.二、旋翼空气动力学特性..................................................46

第五节 牛顿定律与无人机受力..............................................49

.一、牛顿定律...................................................................49

.二、无人机受力...............................................................50

第六节 高速气动特性............................................................51

.一、翼型的亚声速空气动力特性........................................51

.二、翼型的跨声速空气动力特性........................................52

.三、翼型的超声速升力特性..............................................53

练习题....................................................................................53

第三章 固定翼无人机基本飞行原理.................................55

*一节 固定翼无人机空气动力学...........................................56

.一、不同布局的气动特点..................................................56

.二、机翼上反角...............................................................67

.三、翼身组合体...............................................................68

.四、尾翼..........................................................................68

.五、其他因素...................................................................68

*二节 固定翼无人机飞行性能..............................................69

.一、平飞性能...................................................................69

.二、爬升性能...................................................................70

.三、下降性能...................................................................71

.四、续航性能...................................................................71

.五、活动半径...................................................................72

.六、起飞着陆性能............................................................72

第三节 固定翼无人机的飞行稳定性........................................73

.一、纵向稳定性...............................................................74

.二、横向稳定性...............................................................74

.三、航向稳定性...............................................................74

第四节 固定翼无人机操纵及控制原理....................................74

.一、固定翼无人机操纵原理..............................................74

.二、固定翼无人机控制原理..............................................75

练习题....................................................................................76

第四章 无人直升机基本飞行原理.....................................77

*一节 无人直升机的结构.....................................................78

.一、直升机的布局形式.....................................................78

.二、直升机桨毂的结构.....................................................79

.三、直升机桨叶的结构.....................................................81

*二节 无人直升机的飞行性能..............................................82

第三节 无人直升机操纵及控制原理........................................83

练习题....................................................................................85

第五章 多旋翼无人机基本飞行原理.................................87

*一节 多旋翼无人机的飞行性能...........................................88

.一、飞行速度...................................................................88

.二、续航时间...................................................................88

.三、悬停性能与定位性能..................................................88

.四、避障性能...................................................................88

*二节 多旋翼无人机操纵及控制原理....................................89

.一、垂直运动...................................................................89

.二、俯仰运动...................................................................90

.三、滚转运动...................................................................90

.四、偏航运动...................................................................91

.五、前后运动...................................................................91

.六、侧向运动...................................................................92

练习题....................................................................................93

第六章 无人飞艇基本飞行原理.........................................95

*一节 飞艇的内部构造........................................................96

*二节 无人飞艇的飞行原理..................................................98

.一、空气静力学原理.........................................................98

.二、空气动力学原理.........................................................99

第三节 无人飞艇的操纵控制..................................................101

.一、地面操纵...................................................................101

.二、飞行操纵...................................................................103

练习题....................................................................................107

参考文献.................................................................................108