共产党宣言（柯林斯经典） The Communist Manifesto (Collins Classics)

基本信息

Series:Collins Classics

Format:Paperback / softback

Publisher:HarperCollins Publishers

Imprint:William Collins

ISBN:9780008619978

Published:12 Sep 2024

Weight:270g

Dimensions:178 x 111 (mm)

页面参数仅供参考，具体以实物为准

书籍简介

哈珀柯林斯很荣幸地推出一系列广受喜爱的经典著作。卡尔·马克思和弗里德里希·恩格斯于 1848 年出版的小册子《共产党宣言》是社会主义和马克思主义历史上的里程碑式文本，是工人阶级通过革命推翻资本主义社会的战斗口号。

HarperCollins is proud to present its incredible range of best-loved, essential classics. Published in 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engel’s pamphlet The Communist Manifesto is a landmark text in socialist and Marxist history – a rallying cry for the revolutionary overthrow of capitalist society by the working classes.

作者简介

卡尔·马克思 (1818-1883) 是德国哲学家、政治经济学家、历史学家、政治理论家、社会学家、共产主义者和革命家，他的思想在现代共产主义的发展中发挥了重要作用。马克思在 1848 年出版的《共产党宣言》中总结了他的观点：“迄今为止所有现存社会的历史都是阶级斗争的历史。”马克思认为，资本主义与以前的社会经济制度一样，不可避免地会产生内部紧张，从而导致其毁灭。正如资本主义取代封建主义一样，他相信社会主义将取代资本主义，并导致一个无国家、无阶级的社会，即纯粹的共产主义。这将在过渡时期之后出现，称为“无产阶级专政”：这一时期有时被称为“工人国家”或“工人民主”。在《共产党宣言》中，马克思描述了封建主义、资本主义以及社会内部矛盾在历史进程中的作用：我们看到：资产阶级建立在生产资料和交换资料的基础上，是在封建社会中产生的。在这些生产资料和交换资料发展的一定阶段上，封建社会进行生产和交换的条件……封建的所有制关系不再适合于已经发展的生产力；它们变成了许多桎梏。这些关系需要被打破，而且它们确实被打破了。取而代之的是自由竞争以及与之相适应的社会和政治结构，以及资产阶级的经济和政治统治。同样的运动正在我们眼前进行着……社会所掌握的生产力不再倾向于促进资产阶级所有制条件的发展；相反，他们变得过于强大，以至于他们无法摆脱这些束缚，所以，一旦他们克服了这些束缚，他们就会给整个资产阶级社会带来秩序，危及资产阶级财产的存在。马克思主张系统地理解社会经济变革。

Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a German philosopher, political economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, communist, and revolutionary, whose ideas played a significant role in the development of modern communism. Marx summarized his approach in the first line of chapter one of The Communist Manifesto, published in 1848: "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles." Marx argued that capitalism, like previous socioeconomic systems, would inevitably produce internal tensions which would lead to its destruction. Just as capitalism replaced feudalism, he believed socialism would, in its turn, replace capitalism, and lead to a stateless, classless society called pure communism. This would emerge after a transitional period called the "dictatorship of the proletariat": a period sometimes referred to as the "workers state" or "workers' democracy". In section one of The Communist Manifesto Marx describes feudalism, capitalism, and the role internal social contradictions play in the historical process: We see then: the means of production and of exchange, on whose foundation the bourgeoisie built itself up, were generated in feudal society. At a certain stage in the development of these means of production and of exchange, the conditions under which feudal society produced and exchanged...the feudal relations of property became no longer compatible with the already developed productive forces; they became so many fetters. They had to be burst asunder; they were burst asunder. Into their place stepped free competition, accompanied by a social and political constitution adapted in it, and the economic and political sway of the bourgeois class. A similar movement is going on before our own eyes.... The productive forces at the disposal of society no longer tend to further the development of the conditions of bourgeois property; on the contrary, they have become too powerful for these conditions, by which they are fettered, and so soon as they overcome these fetters, they bring order into the whole of bourgeois society, endanger the existence of bourgeois property.Marx argued for a systemic understanding of socio-economic change.

弗里德里希·恩格斯（1820 年 11 月 28 日 - 1895 年 8 月 5 日）是德国哲学家、社会科学家、记者和商人。他与卡尔·马克思共同创立了马克思主义理论。1845 年，他根据在曼彻斯特的个人观察和研究发表了《英国工人阶级状况》。

1848 年，他与卡尔·马克思合著了《共产党宣言》，尽管他还撰写和合作（主要是与马克思）了许多其他作品，后来他资助马克思进行研究并撰写《资本论》。马克思去世后，恩格斯编辑了第二卷和第三卷。此外，恩格斯整理了马克思关于“剩余价值理论”的笔记，后来他将其作为《资本论》的“第四卷”出版。他还对家庭经济学做出了贡献。

Friedrich Engels (28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German philosopher, social scientist, journalist and businessman. He founded Marxist theory together with Karl Marx. In 1845 he published The Condition of the Working Class in England, based on personal observations and research in Manchester.

In 1848 he co-authored The Communist Manifesto with Karl Marx, though he also authored and co-authored (primarily with Marx) many other works, and later he supported Marx financially to do research and write Das Kapital. After Marx's death, Engels edited the second and third volumes. Additionally, Engels organised Marx's notes on the "Theories of Surplus Value," which he later published as the "fourth volume" of Capital. He has also made contributions to family economics.