文化传播与进化：定量方法 Cultural Transmission and Evolution: A Quantitative Approach

基本信息

Format：Paperback | 388 pages

Dimensions: 140 x 216 x 24.64mm | 454g

Publication date: 21 May 1981

Publisher：Princeton University Press

Imprint: Princeton University Press

ISBN: 9780691082837

页面参数仅供参考，具体以实物为准

内容简介

一些学者发现，从生物进化理论中产生的突变、选择和随机漂移等概念，也可以解释其他学科的进化现象。利用这些概念，卡瓦利-斯福尔扎教授和费尔德曼教授对 "文化 "的各种传播方式进行了分类和系统化，并探讨了它们对文化进化的影响。在这个过程中，他们发展了一种文化特征非遗传性传播的数学理论，为未来社会和人类学定量科学的调查提供了一个框架。作者使用了包含各种传播模式（例如，父母-子女、同伴-同伴和教师-学生）的定量模型，并根据模型评估了来自社会学、考古学和流行病学的数据。他们表明，各种传播模式与文化和自然选择相结合，产生了不同的文化进化率，以及群体内部和群体之间不同程度的多样性。

同样的框架可以用来解释语言学、流行病、社会价值和习俗以及创新扩散等明显不相关的现象。作者的结论是，文化传播是研究文化变化的一个重要因素。

A number of scholars have found that concepts such as mutation, selection, and random drift, which emerged from the theory of biological evolution, may also explain evolutionary phenomena in other disciplines as well. Drawing on these concepts, Professors Cavalli-Sforza and Feldman classify and systematize the various modes of transmitting "culture" and explore their consequences for cultural evolution. In the process, they develop a mathematical theory of the non-genetic transmission of cultural traits that provides a framework for future investigations in quantitative social and anthropological science. The authors use quantitative models that incorporate the various modes of transmission (for example, parent-child, peer-peer, and teacher-student), and evaluate data from sociology, archaeology, and epidemiology in terms of the models. They show that the various modes of transmission in conjunction with cultural and natural selection produce various rates of cultural evolution and various degrees of diversity within and between groups.

The same framework can be used for explaining phenomena as apparently unrelated as linguistics, epidemics, social values and customs, and diffusion of innovations. The authors conclude that cultural transmission is an essential factor in the study of cultural change.

作者简介

路易吉·卢卡·卡瓦利·斯福尔扎（热那亚，1922年1月25日-贝卢诺，2018年8月31日）是一位意大利遗传学家、学者和研究员。加利福尼亚州斯坦福大学的名誉教授，他因人口遗传学的研究而闻名。他还从事人类学和历史工作，研究人类的迁移。

Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza (Genova, 25 gennaio 1922 – Belluno, 31 agosto 2018) è stato un genetista, accademico e ricercatore italiano. Professore emerito all'Università di Stanford in California, divenne noto per la sua attività di ricerca nell'ambito della genetica delle popolazioni. Si è occupato anche di antropologia e di storia, nei suoi studi sulle migrazioni dell'uomo.