内容简介

本书旨在与国内外读者分享中国共产党领导脱贫攻坚的基本理念、主要做法、核心经验及有关思考等。全书共六章，全面系统地介绍了中国脱贫攻坚的时代色调、主要路径、精准要义、几点经验、注意事项、意义启示，书后还附有一些典型案例。摆脱贫困是人类社会的共同事业，希望本书的出版能为促进国际减贫经验交流、启迪人类治理贫困智慧等发挥积极作用。

目录

Contents

China Makes Active Contribution to World Poverty Reduction

(Preface One) 1

Chinese Wisdom for Ending Poverty

(Preface Two) 5

Introduction

China Has Successfully Embarked on a Distinctive Path

of Development-Oriented Poverty Alleviation

It Is the Unremitting Pursuit of the CPC to Lead the People out

of Poverty and Achieve Prosperity 3

Decisive Progress Has Been Made in Battles Against Poverty

Alleviation Since the 18th CPC National Congress 6

It Is of Great Significance to Fight Poverty with Targeted Poverty

Alleviation Measures 10

Chapter I

Characteristics of Poverty Alleviation in China for the New Era

1. Guidelines for Poverty Alleviation 17

2. The Evolution of Major Contradictions in the Society and the

Fight against Poverty 22

3. Build a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects and

Poverty Alleviation 25

4. New Development Concepts and Poverty Alleviation 31

5. Basic Blueprint for Poverty Alleviation 38

Chapter II

Main Paths for Poverty Alleviation in China

1. Strengthening Infrastructure Development of Poverty-Stricken

Areas 47

2. Strengthening Environmental Protection in Poverty-Stricken

Areas 54

3. Promoting the Development of Feature Industries in Poverty-

Stricken Areas 68

4. Prioritizing Support to the Development of Special Poor Areas 81

5. Improving Poor People’s Sense of Gains 88

Chapter III

Precision Holding the Key of Poverty Alleviation

1. Solving the Problem of “Who Are the Targets of Poverty

Alleviation” 105

2. Answering the Question of “Who Are in Charge of Poverty

Alleviation” 108

3. How to Alleviate Poverty 118

4. How to Make Sure the Poor People Are Truly out of Poverty 126

Chapter IV

Five Experiences in China’s Poverty Alleviation

1. Strengthening Leadership Is Fundamental 133

2. Grasping Precision Is Essence 138

3. Increasing Investment Is Guarantee 147

4. Participation of All Parties Is Synergy 153

5. Mass Participation Is the Foundation 159

Chapter V

China’s Poverty Eradication Campaign Aims to Avoid a

Number of Problems

1. Prevention of Falling Back into Poverty 171

2. Prevention of Formalism and Bureaucracy in Poverty Alleviation 179

3. Overcoming the Problem of Poverty Alleviation without

Fostering Aspirations 185

4. The Significance of Party Branch Building 190

Chapter VI

Significance and Insights of China’s Poverty Alleviation

1. Important Significance of China’s Poverty Alleviation 197

2. Insights of China’s Experience in Poverty Reduction to the

World 204

3. International Cooperation on Addressing Poverty

Reduction 215

Appendix

Typical Cases of Poverty Alleviation in China

Case 1 Staying True to the Mission and Taking the Lead in

Poverty Alleviation:

Poverty Alleviation in Lankao County, Henan Province 227

Case 2 Actively Innovating Poverty Alleviation Model:

“A Slow Sparrow Making an Early Start” for Chixi Village,

Ningde City, Fujian Province 232

Case 3 Improvement of the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Mechanism:

“First Livelihood Project” of Guizhou Province 237

Case 4 Exploration of New Ideas for Poverty Alleviation:

“E-Commerce Poverty Alleviation” in Qishui Township,

Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province 241

Case 5 Poverty Alleviation and Development through

Combination of Agriculture and Tourism:

“Green Rise” of Maochangwu Village, Yao Autonomous County,

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 245

Case 6 Technology Empowering Poverty Alleviation:

“Technology Advancing into the Dabie Mountains” in Yingshan

County, Hubei Province 249

Case 7 Counterpart Support in poverty alleviation between Rich

and Poor Areas:

“Poverty Alleviation through East-West Cooperation” between

Shanghai and Yunnan 252

Case 8 Synchronous Relocation and Poverty Alleviation:

“Moving into a New World” in Xiushui County, Jiangxi Province 256

Case 9 Dedication to Practical Poverty Alleviation:

The Path to Poverty Alleviation and Innovation in the Ethnic

Minority Communities in Leshan City, Sichuan Province 261

Appendix: Reference Table of US Dollar Exchange Rate

against RMB (1949-2019) 269

Epilogue 271

推荐语

本书推荐人

     The book gives a full account of how China fights poverty. It discusses achievements and problems, as well as positive experience and misunderstandings. Upon summarizing the issues discovered during this campaign and analyzing their underlying reasons, it lays out the “five experiences” and “four misunderstandings”, with a view to addressing the root causes. It’s a useful reference for countries and regions committed to ending poverty.

—Zhang Shujun, Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, former Deputy Director General and researcher of Party History Research Center of the CPC Central Committee

     As a student and researcher of Marxism, I hope the book will reach a wider audience so that readers can be informed of Chinese stores, practices and wisdom in poverty alleviation - latest accomplishments in adapting Marxist anti-poverty theory to the Chinese context. More importantly, I hope that countries and regions committed to eradicating poverty could benefit from it.

—Liu Haitao, Dean and Professor of the Department of Scientific Socialism, Party School of the CPC Central Committee (National Academy of Governance)

Since reform and opening up to the outside world, China made achievements in poverty reduction unparalleled in scale in human history, which is widely recognized by the international community. Large-scale poverty reduction in China is closely linked to the governing philosophy, development objectives and action plans of the Communist Party of China. Focusing on practices in targeted poverty alleviation since the 18th CPC National Congress, this book paints a full picture of how the CPC and the Chinese government lead the people to end extreme poverty by ensuring the impoverished population’s access to food, clothing, housing, compulsory education and basic medical services. It’s a great read for those interested in China’s journey and experience in reducing poverty.

—Wang Sangui, adviser to the State Council Leading Group on Poverty Alleviation and Development, and Director of Institute of Chinese Poverty Alleviation, Renmin University of China

The theory and practices of poverty alleviation elaborated in the book point to China’s inevitable path in ending poverty: clear-cut objectives, well-conceived strategies, strong determination, targeted policies, relying on domestic capabilities and continued efforts.

—Yan Shuhan, Lead Researcher of the Marxism Studies and Development Project, and Deputy Director of Center for World Socialism Research, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

书摘

序言一

China Makes Active Contribution to

World Poverty Reduction

(Preface One)

Zhang Shujun

     Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative

Conference, former De put y Director General and researcher of Part y Histor y

Research Center of the CPC Central Committee

     Reducing poverty is a global challenge. Lifting the world’s largest

developing country out of poverty would be a feat unprecedented in

human history. In order to introduce China’s experience in poverty

reduction to the rest of the world, Poverty Alleviation: Experience

and Insights o f the C ommunist Party o f C hina is published by

the Contemporary World Press. The book is commissioned by the

International Department of the CPC Central Committee and compiled

by Professor Zhang Zhanbin of the Party School of the CPC Central

Committee. With a focus on poverty alleviation, it describes how the CPC

leads the Chinese people in fighting poverty. In particular, it discusses the

main achievements, practices, experiences and learnings from the massive,

targeted poverty alleviation efforts made since the 18th National Congress

of the CPC. The book is a refreshing and inspiring read.

     Over the years, China has been battling poverty and moving towards

a moderately prosperous society. Since the founding of the People’s

Republic of China 70 years ago, the Communist Party of China has

united the Chinese people and led them in declaring war on poverty.

Through the explorations of the CPC and the Chinese people, a path of

poverty alleviation and development with Chinese characteristics has been

identified. As a result, more than 700 million people have been lifted out

of poverty and the Chinese people live a largely well-off life. China has

brought more people out of poverty than any other country in the world.

It was also one of the first countries that had achieved the United Nations

Millennium Development Goals. During the 18th National Congress of

the CPC, the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous

society in all respects was announced. This means that by 2020, by current

Chinese standards, all the rural poor and poverty-stricken counties will

be lifted out of poverty, thus ending poverty in entire regions. Poverty

alleviation is the most critical indicator for building a moderately

prosperous society in all respects. The CPC has pledged to deliver a

moderately prosperous society for the Chinese people, a pledge that

highlights the Party’s approach — rely on the people, drive development

for the people, and share the fruits of development with them. It also

shows the confidence and determination of the CPC Central Committee

with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core in winning the battle against poverty

in the new era and securing a decisive victory in building a moderately

prosperous society in all respects. Poverty Alleviation: Experience and

Insights of the Communist Party of China centers on poverty alleviation,

an important topic, and showcases the commitment of the Communist

Party of China. It touches upon the topic in terms of the features of

the day, main tasks and the development path in the new era. It’s highly

relevant in our time and is a valuable reference.

     Looking ahead, we see both signs of hope and heavy responsibilities.

At present, most of the poor people in China are concentrated in deep

poverty-stricken areas. These areas are the poorest of the poor and face

the biggest challenges in alleviating poverty. The problems in the final

stage of poverty eradication are more complicated, and the tasks more

arduous. Thus, more efforts are needed. This book offers a full review

of China’s efforts in poverty reduction. It discusses the achievements

and problems, as well as positive experience and misunderstandings.

Moreover, it summarizes the problems that have occurred during

China’s poverty eradication campaign, and analyzes reasons behind these

problems and phenomena. It then lays out the “five experiences” and“four

misunderstandings” in this regard with a view to offering solutions to

address the root causes. It is therefore a very useful book for countries and

regions committed to ending poverty.

     Eliminating poverty is a common mission of mankind. China aims

to win the battle against poverty and build a moderately prosperous

society in all respects — an aspiration of the Chinese nation for thousands

of years and a mission of the Communist Party of China. In order to

promote world peace and development and strengthen global governance,

China made its own proposal of joining hands to eradicate poverty and

building a global community with a shared future. Over the years, while

working to eliminate poverty at home, China has been actively helping

other developing nations, especially the least developed countries, to

eradicate poverty. At present, poverty reduction in the world remains an

arduous task. In line with the needs of the world anti-poverty cause, this

book gives a full account of China’s practices in poverty reduction, and

makes Chinese experience and wisdom available to other countries. It is

yet another positive contribution China has made to the rest of world.

     I admire the mission and content of Poverty Alleviation: Experience

and Insights of the Communist Party of China. I have written these words

from the bottom of my heart as a preface to the book.

序言二

Chinese Wisdom for Ending Poverty

(Preface Two)

Liu Haitao

     Dean and Professor of the De partment of Scienti fic Socialism, Part y School

of the CPC Central Committee (National Academy of Governance)

     Poverty eradication has been a dream of mankind ever since ancient

times. It is a basic right of people of all countries in their pursuit of

happiness. Developed countries, which have already eliminated abject

poverty, are still looking for ways to eradicate poverty in relative

terms and narrow the gap between the rich and the poor. Developing

nations, on the other hand, need to find effective approaches to poverty

reduction that are suited to their circumstances. Peoples of all countries

long for a world of lasting peace, universal security and common

prosperity, one that is open, inclusive, clean and beautiful. This would

be a world free of poverty, where no one struggles under the poverty

line, and no individual is desperate because he or she has lost the right to

development.

     Throughout the history of global poverty reduction, international

organizations like the United Nations and the World Bank and

developed countries such as the UK, the United States and Japan have

been fighting poverty across the world. The Millennium Development

Goals were set and then the Sustainable Development Goals 2030

were developed. However, the international community has yet to find

effective and replicable ways to end poverty and achieve sustainable

development. There are now more poverty-stricken population in sub-

Saharan Africa, and the global wealth gap has been widening by the day.

But China has been exploring and developing its theory and practices

in poverty alleviation. The Chinese people now have adequate access

to food and clothing. As China continues to reduce poverty, it is now

striving to end extreme poverty. China has found a path of poverty

alleviation and development with its own characteristics.

     A fine tradition in the Chinese culture has been helping the poor

and the needy. Even before the Qin dynasty, the concept of “ he who

helps the poor is benevolent ” was put forward. The aspiration of

the Communist Party of China is to serve the people wholeheartedly.

Since it was founded, it has been committed to the mission of seeking

happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese

nation. When the People’s Republic of China (CPRC) was founded, it

was one of the poorest countries in the world. The Chinese people didn’t

even have enough food and clothing. Over the past 70 years, the Chinese

people have made remarkable achievements in poverty reduction

through self-reliance and hard work. In particular, over the past 40

years of reform and opening up, China’s practices in poverty alleviation

and development have been further enriched. They embody distinctly

Chinese wisdom and represent a Chinese model in poverty reduction.

     Since 1986, the Chinese government has begun to plan and carry

out large-scale poverty alleviation and development programs in rural

areas across the country. In 1994, poverty alleviation and development

became a national strategy, and efforts in this regard were ramped up.

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, socialism with Chinese

characteristics has entered a new era. The new historical context has

also created new conditions for and posed new challenges to poverty

alleviation. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at

the core has placed poverty alleviation and development high on the

national governance agenda. It has broken new ground by making the

strategic decision of securing a decisive victory in the fight against

poverty. It has put forward the idea of targeted poverty alleviation and

eradication, giving new meaning to the endeavor.

     Poverty Alleviation: Experience and Insights of the Communist

Party of China expounds on the methods and approaches of poverty

alleviation in China, the meaning of targeted poverty alleviation and

eradication, and its global significance. It includes not only Chinese

experience, but also things that should be avoided in poverty alleviation.

It contains deep yet readily understandable explanations about theories,

as well as practical case studies. The book paints a magnificent and

inspiring picture of poverty reduction in P. R. China, and tells the stories

of poverty reduction in the country. It explains how the CPC lead the

Chinese people to fight poverty and achieve common prosperity. As

a learner and researcher of Marxism, it is my wish that the book will

reach a wider audience so that readers can learn about Chinese stories,

practices and wisdom in poverty alleviation — latest accomplishments

in adapting Marxist anti-poverty theory to the Chinese context. More

importantly, I hope that countries and regions committed to eradicating

poverty could benefit from this book.